View source for Rupa Gosvami (CC Madhya-lila)

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[[Category:Rupa Gosvami|1]]
[[Category:Compilations from Books]]
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<div id="Sri_Caitanya-caritamrta" class="section" sec_index="2" parent="compilation" text="Sri Caitanya-caritamrta"><h2>Sri Caitanya-caritamrta</h2>
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<div id="CC_Madhya-lila" class="sub_section" sec_index="2" parent="Sri_Caitanya-caritamrta" text="CC Madhya-lila"><h3>CC Madhya-lila</h3>
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<div id="CCMadhya1Summary_0" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1" link="CC Madhya 1 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 1 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1 Summary|CC Madhya 1 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">There is also a description of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's ecstasy that occurred when He recited the verse beginning yaḥ kaumāra-haraḥ, as well as a description of how that ecstasy was explained in the verse beginning priyaḥ so ’yaṁ kṛṣṇaḥ, by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. Because he wrote that verse, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī was specifically blessed by the Lord. There is also a description of the many books written by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī and Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī. There is also a description of the meeting between Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī in the village known as Rāmakeli.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya131_1" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="31" link="CC Madhya 1.31" link_text="CC Madhya 1.31">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.31|CC Madhya 1.31, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu then sent the two brothers Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī to Vraja. By His order, they went to Śrī Vṛndāvana-dhāma.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya133_2" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="33" link="CC Madhya 1.33" link_text="CC Madhya 1.33">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.33|CC Madhya 1.33, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Both Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī brought various scriptures to Vṛndāvana and collected the essence of these by compiling many scriptures on devotional service. In this way they delivered all rascals and fallen souls.</p>
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<div class="purport text"><p>Śrīla Śrīnivāsa Ācārya has sung:</p>
:nānā-śāstra-vicāraṇaika-nipuṇau sad-dharma-saṁsthāpakau
:lokānāṁ hita-kāriṇau tri-bhuvane mānyau śaraṇyākarau
:rādhā-kṛṣṇa-padāravinda-bhajanānandena mattālikau
:vande rūpa-sanātanau raghu-yugau śrī-jīva-gopālakau
<p>The six Gosvāmīs, under the direction of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī, studied various Vedic literatures and picked up the essence of them, the devotional service of the Lord. This means that all the Gosvāmīs wrote many scriptures on devotional service with the support of the Vedic literature. Devotional service is not a sentimental activity. The essence of Vedic knowledge is devotional service, as confirmed in the Bhagavad-gītā ([[Vanisource:BG 15.15 (1972)|BG 15.15]]): vedaiś ca sarvair aham eva vedyaḥ. All the Vedic literature aims at understanding Kṛṣṇa, and how to understand Kṛṣṇa through devotional service has been explained by Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmīs, with evidence from all Vedic literatures. They have put it so nicely that even a rascal or first-class fool can be delivered by devotional service under the guidance of the Gosvāmīs.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya135_3" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="35" link="CC Madhya 1.35" link_text="CC Madhya 1.35">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.35|CC Madhya 1.35, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">All the knowledge that Śrī Sanātana Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmī directly acquired from Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was broadcast all over the world by their expert service.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya136_4" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="36" link="CC Madhya 1.36" link_text="CC Madhya 1.36">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.36|CC Madhya 1.36, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">We have already given the names of four books compiled by Sanātana Gosvāmī. Similarly, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has also compiled many books, which no one can even count.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya137_5" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="37" link="CC Madhya 1.37" link_text="CC Madhya 1.37">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.37|CC Madhya 1.37, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">I shall therefore enumerate the chief books compiled by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. He has described the pastimes of Vṛndāvana in 100,000 verses.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya138_6" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="38" link="CC Madhya 1.38" link_text="CC Madhya 1.38">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.38|CC Madhya 1.38, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The books compiled by Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī include the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, Vidagdha-mādhava, Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi and Lalita-mādhava.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya140_7" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="39" link="CC Madhya 1.40" link_text="CC Madhya 1.40">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.39-40|CC Madhya 1.40, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī also compiled the Dāna-keli-kaumudī, Stavāvalī, Līlā-cchanda, Padyāvalī, Govinda-virudāvalī, Mathurā-māhātmya and Nāṭaka-varṇana.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya141_8" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="40" link="CC Madhya 1.41" link_text="CC Madhya 1.41">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.41|CC Madhya 1.41, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Who can count the rest of the books (headed by the Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta) written by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī? He has described the pastimes of Vṛndāvana in all of them.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya141_9" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="40" link="CC Madhya 1.41" link_text="CC Madhya 1.41">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.41|CC Madhya 1.41, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The Vidagdha-mādhava is a drama of Lord Kṛṣṇa's pastimes in Vṛndāvana. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī finished this book in the year 1454 Śakābda (A.D. 1532). The first part of this drama is called veṇu-nāda-vilāsa, the second part manmatha-lekha, the third part rādhā-saṅga, the fourth part veṇu-haraṇa, the fifth part rādhā-prasādana, the sixth part śarad-vihāra, and the seventh and last part gaurī-vihāra.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya142_10" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="41" link="CC Madhya 1.42" link_text="CC Madhya 1.42">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.42|CC Madhya 1.42, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī’s nephew, Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī, has compiled so many books on devotional service that there is no counting them.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya145_11" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="44" link="CC Madhya 1.45" link_text="CC Madhya 1.45">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.45|CC Madhya 1.45, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Thus Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Sanātana Gosvāmī and their nephew Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī, as well as practically all of their family members, lived in Vṛndāvana and published important books on devotional service.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya158_12" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="57" link="CC Madhya 1.58" link_text="CC Madhya 1.58">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.58|CC Madhya 1.58, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">"That very personality who stole away my heart during my youth is now again my master. These are the same moonlit nights of the month of Caitra. The same fragrance of mālatī flowers is there, and the same sweet breezes are blowing from the kadamba forest. In our intimate relationship, I am also the same lover, yet still my mind is not happy here. I am eager to go back to that place on the bank of the Revā under the Vetasī tree. That is my desire."</p>
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<div class="purport text"><p>This verse appears in the Padyāvalī (386), an anthology of verses compiled by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya159_13" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="58" link="CC Madhya 1.59" link_text="CC Madhya 1.59">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.59|CC Madhya 1.59, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">This verse appears to be the hankering between some ordinary boy and girl, but its actual deep meaning was known only to Svarūpa Dāmodara. By chance, one year Rūpa Gosvāmī was also present there.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya160_14" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="59" link="CC Madhya 1.60" link_text="CC Madhya 1.60">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.60|CC Madhya 1.60, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Although the meaning of the verse was known only to Svarūpa Dāmodara, Rūpa Gosvāmī, after hearing it from Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, immediately composed another verse that described the meaning of the original verse.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya161_15" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="60" link="CC Madhya 1.61" link_text="CC Madhya 1.61">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.61|CC Madhya 1.61, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After composing this verse, Rūpa Gosvāmī wrote it on a palm leaf and put it on the roof of the thatched house in which he was living.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya162_16" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="61" link="CC Madhya 1.62" link_text="CC Madhya 1.62">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.62|CC Madhya 1.62, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After composing this verse and putting it on the roof of his house, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī went to bathe in the sea. In the meantime, Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu went to his hut to meet him.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya163_17" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="62" link="CC Madhya 1.63" link_text="CC Madhya 1.63">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.63|CC Madhya 1.63, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">To avoid turmoil, three great personalities—Haridāsa Ṭhākura, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī—did not enter the temple of Jagannātha.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya163_18" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="62" link="CC Madhya 1.63" link_text="CC Madhya 1.63">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.63|CC Madhya 1.63, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">It is still the practice at the Jagannātha temple not to allow those to enter who do not strictly follow the Vedic culture known as Hinduism. Śrīla Haridāsa Ṭhākura, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī had had previous intimate connections with Muslims. Haridāsa Ṭhākura had been born in a Muslim family, and Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī, having given up their social status in Hindu society, had been appointed ministers in the Muslim government. They had even changed their names to Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika. Thus they had supposedly been expelled from brāhmaṇa society. Consequently, out of humility they did not enter the temple of Jagannātha, although the Personality of Godhead, Jagannātha, in His form of Caitanya Mahāprabhu, personally came to see them every day. Similarly, the members of this Kṛṣṇa consciousness society are sometimes refused entrance into some of the temples in India. We should not feel sorry about this as long as we engage in chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra. Kṛṣṇa Himself associates with devotees who are chanting His holy name, and there is no need to be unhappy over not being able to enter a certain temple.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya166_19" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="65" link="CC Madhya 1.66" link_text="CC Madhya 1.66">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.66|CC Madhya 1.66, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu went to the residence of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, He accidentally saw the palm leaf on the roof, and thus He read the verse composed by him.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya167_20" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="66" link="CC Madhya 1.67" link_text="CC Madhya 1.67">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.67|CC Madhya 1.67, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After reading the verse, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu went into an ecstatic mood. While He was in that state, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī came and immediately fell down on the floor like a rod.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya168_21" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="67" link="CC Madhya 1.68" link_text="CC Madhya 1.68">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.68|CC Madhya 1.68, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī fell down like a rod, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu got up and gave him a slap. Then, taking him on His lap, He began to speak to him.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya170_22" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="69" link="CC Madhya 1.70" link_text="CC Madhya 1.70">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.70|CC Madhya 1.70, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Saying this, Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu bestowed various benedictions upon Rūpa Gosvāmī, and taking the verse, He later showed it to Svarūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya171_23" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="70" link="CC Madhya 1.71" link_text="CC Madhya 1.71">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.71|CC Madhya 1.71, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Having shown the verse to Svarūpa Dāmodara with great wonder, Caitanya Mahāprabhu asked him how Rūpa Gosvāmī could understand the intentions of His mind.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya172_24" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="71" link="CC Madhya 1.72" link_text="CC Madhya 1.72">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.72|CC Madhya 1.72, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī replied to Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, "If Rūpa Gosvāmī can understand Your mind and intentions, he must have Your Lordship's special benediction."</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya173_25" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="72" link="CC Madhya 1.73" link_text="CC Madhya 1.73">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.73|CC Madhya 1.73, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The Lord said, “I was so pleased with Rūpa Gosvāmī that I embraced him and bestowed upon him all necessary potencies for preaching the bhakti cult.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya174_26" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="73" link="CC Madhya 1.74" link_text="CC Madhya 1.74">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.74|CC Madhya 1.74, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">"I accept Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī as quite fit to understand the confidential mellows of devotional service, and I recommend that you explain devotional service to him further."</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya176_27" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="75" link="CC Madhya 1.76" link_text="CC Madhya 1.76">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.76|CC Madhya 1.76, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">(This is a verse spoken by Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī.) "My dear friend, now I have met My very old and dear friend Kṛṣṇa on this field of Kurukṣetra. I am the same Rādhārāṇī, and now We are meeting together. It is very pleasant, but still I would like to go to the bank of the Yamunā beneath the trees of the forest there. I wish to hear the vibration of His sweet flute playing the fifth note within that forest of Vṛndāvana."</p>
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<div class="purport text"><p>This verse also appears in the Padyāvalī (387), an anthology of verses compiled by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya183_28" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="82" link="CC Madhya 1.83" link_text="CC Madhya 1.83">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.83|CC Madhya 1.83, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In one verse, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has explained the confidential meaning of the verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam for the understanding of the general populace.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya184_29" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="83" link="CC Madhya 1.84" link_text="CC Madhya 1.84">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.84|CC Madhya 1.84, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The gopīs continued, "Dear Kṛṣṇa, the fragrance of the mellows of Your pastimes is spread throughout the forests of the glorious land of Vṛndāvana, which is surrounded by the sweetness of the district of Mathurā. In the congenial atmosphere of that wonderful land, You may enjoy Your pastimes, with Your flute dancing on Your lips, and surrounded by us, the gopīs, whose hearts are always enchanted by unpredictable ecstatic emotions."</p>
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<div class="purport text"><p>This is a verse from the Lalita-mādhava (10.38), by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya191_30" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="90" link="CC Madhya 1.91" link_text="CC Madhya 1.91">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.91|CC Madhya 1.91, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">For a Vaiṣṇava, acceptance of sannyāsa means getting relief from all material activities and completely devoting oneself to the transcendental loving service of the Lord. This is confirmed by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī (Brs. 1.2.255): anāsaktasya viṣayān yathārham upayuñjataḥ/ nirbandhaḥ kṛṣṇa-sambandhe yuktaṁ vairāgyam ucyate. For a Vaiṣṇava, the renounced order means completely giving up attachment for material things and engaging nonstop in the transcendental loving service of the Lord.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya1166_31" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="165" link="CC Madhya 1.166" link_text="CC Madhya 1.166">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.166|CC Madhya 1.166, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Rāmakeli-grāma is situated on the banks of the Ganges on the border of Bengal. Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmīs had their residences in this village.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya1175_32" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="174" link="CC Madhya 1.175" link_text="CC Madhya 1.175">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.175|CC Madhya 1.175, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In private, the King inquired from Dabira Khāsa (Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī), who began to speak about the glories of the Lord.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya1176_33" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="175" link="CC Madhya 1.176" link_text="CC Madhya 1.176">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.176|CC Madhya 1.176, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī said, “The Supreme Personality of Godhead, who gave you this kingdom and whom you accept as a prophet, has taken birth in your country due to your good fortune.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya1179_34" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="178" link="CC Madhya 1.179" link_text="CC Madhya 1.179">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.179|CC Madhya 1.179, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Thus Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī informed the King about his mind as a way of knowing Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. He assured the King that whatever occurred in his mind could be considered evidence.</p>
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</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1181_35" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="180" link="CC Madhya 1.181" link_text="CC Madhya 1.181">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.181|CC Madhya 1.181, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After having this conversation with Rūpa Gosvāmī, the King entered his private house. Rūpa Gosvāmī, then known as Dabira Khāsa, also returned to his residence.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1181_36" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="180" link="CC Madhya 1.181" link_text="CC Madhya 1.181">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.181|CC Madhya 1.181, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In each and every planet there must be some king, governmental head or executive. Such a person is supposed to be the representative of Lord Viṣṇu. On behalf of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, he must see to the interests of all the people. Therefore Lord Viṣṇu, as Paramātmā, gives the king all intelligence to execute governmental affairs. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī therefore asked the King what was in his mind concerning Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and indicated that whatever the King thought about Him was correct.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1182_37" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="181" link="CC Madhya 1.182" link_text="CC Madhya 1.182">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.182|CC Madhya 1.182, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After returning to his residence, Dabira Khāsa and his brother decided after much consideration to go see the Lord incognito.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1183_38" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="182" link="CC Madhya 1.183" link_text="CC Madhya 1.183">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.183|CC Madhya 1.183, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Thus in the dead of night the two brothers, Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika, went to see Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu incognito. First they met Nityānanda Prabhu and Haridāsa Ṭhākura.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1184_39" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="183" link="CC Madhya 1.184" link_text="CC Madhya 1.184">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.184|CC Madhya 1.184, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Sākara Mallika was the name of Sanātana Gosvāmī, and Dabira Khāsa was the name of Rūpa Gosvāmī. They were recognized by these names in the service of the Muslim King; therefore these are Muslim names. As officials, the brothers adopted all kinds of Muslim customs.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1189_40" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="188" link="CC Madhya 1.189" link_text="CC Madhya 1.189">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.189|CC Madhya 1.189, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Although the two brothers, Rūpa and Sanātana (at that time Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika), presented themselves as being born in a low family, they nonetheless belonged to a most respectable brāhmaṇa family that was originally from Karṇāṭa. Thus they actually belonged to the brāhmaṇa caste. Unfortunately, because of being associated with the Muslim governmental service, their customs and behavior resembled those of the Muslims. Therefore they presented themselves as nīca-jāti. The word jāti means birth. According to śāstra, there are three kinds of birth. The first birth is from the womb of the mother, the second birth is the acceptance of the reformatory method, and the third birth is acceptance by the spiritual master (initiation). One becomes abominable by adopting an abominable profession or by associating with people who are naturally abominable. Rūpa and Sanātana, as Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika, associated with Muslims, who were naturally opposed to brahminical culture and cow protection. In Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (Seventh Canto) it is stated that every person belongs to a certain classification. A person is identifiable by the special symptoms mentioned in the śāstras. By one's symptoms, one is known to belong to a certain caste. Both Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika belonged to the brāhmaṇa caste, but because they were employed by Muslims, their original habits degenerated into those of the Muslim community. Since the symptoms of brahminical culture were almost nil, they identified themselves with the lowest caste. In the Bhakti-ratnākara it is clearly stated that because Sākara Mallika and Dabira Khāsa associated with lower-class men, they introduced themselves as belonging to the lower classes. Actually, however, they had been born in respectable brāhmaṇa families.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1190_41" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="189" link="CC Madhya 1.190" link_text="CC Madhya 1.190">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.190|CC Madhya 1.190, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">""Dear Lord, let us inform you that no one is more sinful than us, nor is there any offender like us. Even if we wanted to mention our sinful activities, we would immediately become ashamed. And what to speak of giving them up!""</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse is from the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.154), by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1194_42" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="193" link="CC Madhya 1.194" link_text="CC Madhya 1.194">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.194|CC Madhya 1.194, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī presented themselves as being lower than the two brothers Jagāi and Mādhāi, who were delivered by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. When Rūpa and Sanātana compared themselves to Jagāi and Mādhāi, they found themselves inferior because the Lord had no trouble in delivering two drunken brothers. This was so because, despite the fact that they were addicted to sinful activity, in other ways their life was brilliant. They belonged to the brāhmaṇa caste of Navadvīpa, and such brāhmaṇas were pious by nature. Although they had been addicted to some sinful activities due to bad association, those unwanted things could vanish simply because of the chanting of the holy name of the Lord. Another point for Jagāi and Mādhāi was that, as members of a brāhmaṇa family, they did not accept service under anyone. The śāstras strictly forbid a brāhmaṇa to accept service under anyone. The idea is that by accepting a master, one accepts the occupation of a dog. In other words, a dog cannot thrive without having a master, and for the sake of pleasing the master, dogs offend many people. They bark at innocent people just to please the master. Similarly, when one is a servant, he has to perform abominable activities according to the orders of the master. Therefore, when Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika compared their position to that of Jagāi and Mādhāi, they found Jagāi's and Mādhāi's position far better. Jagāi and Mādhāi never accepted the position of serving a low-class person, nor were they forced to execute abominable activities under the order of a low-class master. Jagāi and Mādhāi chanted the name of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu by way of blasphemy, but because they simply chanted His name, they immediately became free from the reactions of sinful activities. Thus later they were saved.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1197_43" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="196" link="CC Madhya 1.197" link_text="CC Madhya 1.197">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.197|CC Madhya 1.197, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">There are two kinds of meat-eaters—one who is born in a family of meat-eaters and one who has learned to associate with meat-eaters. From Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmīs (formerly Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika) we can learn how one attains the character of a meat-eater simply by associating with meat-eaters. At the present moment in India the presidential offices are occupied by many so-called brāhmaṇas, but the state maintains slaughterhouses for killing cows and makes propaganda against Vedic civilization. The first principle of Vedic civilization is the avoidance of meat-eating and intoxication. Presently in India, intoxication and meat-eating are encouraged, and the so-called learned brāhmaṇas presiding over this state of affairs have certainly become degraded according to the standard given herein by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī. These so-called brāhmaṇas give sanction to slaughterhouses for the sake of a fat salary, and they do not protest these abominable activities. By deprecating the principles of Vedic civilization and supporting cow-killing, they are immediately degraded to the platform of mlecchas and yavanas.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1198_44" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="197" link="CC Madhya 1.198" link_text="CC Madhya 1.198">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.198|CC Madhya 1.198, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The two brothers, Sākara Mallika and Dabira Khāsa, very humbly submitted that due to their abominable activities they were now bound by the neck and hands and had been thrown into a ditch filled with abominable, stoollike objects of material sense enjoyment.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1207_45" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="206" link="CC Madhya 1.207" link_text="CC Madhya 1.207">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.207|CC Madhya 1.207, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After hearing the prayer of Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu said, “My dear Dabira Khāsa, you two brothers are My old servants.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1208_46" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="207" link="CC Madhya 1.208" link_text="CC Madhya 1.208">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.208|CC Madhya 1.208, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“My dear Sākara Mallika, from this day your names will be changed to Śrīla Rūpa and Śrīla Sanātana. Now please abandon your humility, for My heart is breaking to see you so humble.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Actually this is Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's initiation of Dabira Khāsa and Sākara Mallika. They approached the Lord with all humility, and the Lord accepted them as old servants, as eternal servants, and He changed their names. It is to be understood from this that it is essential for a disciple to change his name after initiation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1241_47" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="240" link="CC Madhya 1.241" link_text="CC Madhya 1.241">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.241|CC Madhya 1.241, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After leaving Mathurā, the Lord began to walk along the path on the bank of the Ganges, and finally He reached the holy place named Prayāga (Allahabad). It was there that Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī came and met the Lord.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1242_48" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="241" link="CC Madhya 1.242" link_text="CC Madhya 1.242">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.242|CC Madhya 1.242, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">At Prayāga, Rūpa Gosvāmī fell down on the ground to offer obeisances to the Lord, and the Lord embraced him with great delight.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1243_49" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="242" link="CC Madhya 1.243" link_text="CC Madhya 1.243">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.243|CC Madhya 1.243, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After instructing Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī at Prayāga, at the Daśāśvamedha-ghāṭa, Caitanya Mahāprabhu ordered him to go to Vṛndāvana. The Lord then returned to Vārāṇasī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1258_50" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="256" link="CC Madhya 1.258" link_text="CC Madhya 1.258">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.258|CC Madhya 1.258, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">At Jagannātha Purī Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī met the Lord again, and the Lord invested his heart with all transcendental power.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1287_51" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="285" link="CC Madhya 1.287" link_text="CC Madhya 1.287">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 1.287|CC Madhya 1.287, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya252_52" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="338" link="CC Madhya 2.52" link_text="CC Madhya 2.52">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 2.52|CC Madhya 2.52, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu spoke, “"My dear beautiful friend, if one develops love of Godhead, love of Kṛṣṇa, the son of Nanda Mahārāja, all the bitter and sweet influences of this love will manifest in one"s heart. Such love of Godhead acts in two ways. The poisonous effects of love of Godhead defeat the severe and fresh poison of the serpent. Yet there is simultaneously transcendental bliss, which pours down and defeats the pride of nectar and diminishes its value. In other words, love of Kṛṣṇa is so powerful that it simultaneously defeats the poisonous effects of a snake, as well as the happiness derived from pouring nectar on one's head. It is perceived as doubly effective, simultaneously poisonous and nectarean.’”</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse is spoken by Paurṇamāsī to Nāndīmukhī in the Vidagdha-mādhava (2.18) of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya266_53" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="352" link="CC Madhya 2.66" link_text="CC Madhya 2.66">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 2.66|CC Madhya 2.66, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, in his Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi, explains the word māna thus: When the lover feels novel sweetness by exchanging hearty loving words but wishes to hide his feelings by crooked means, māna is experienced.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya293_54" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="379" link="CC Madhya 2.93" link_text="CC Madhya 2.93">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 2.93|CC Madhya 2.93, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The author of Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta begs the mercy of all these devotees and asks them to be pleased with him. He says, "Let the neophyte devotees—the devotees who are very expert in arguing though they have no sense of advanced devotional service, who think themselves very advanced because they imitate some smārta-brāhmaṇa—let such devotees not be displeased with me, thinking that I have committed errors in this regard. I beg their pardon with great humility, but I am submitting that I personally have no desire to add or subtract anything. I have only written what I have heard in the disciplic succession because I am dedicated to the lotus feet of previous ācāryas like Svarūpa Dāmodara, Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmī. I have only written what I have learned from them."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya294_55" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="380" link="CC Madhya 2.94" link_text="CC Madhya 2.94">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 2.94|CC Madhya 2.94, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">According to the paramparā system, I wish to take the dust from the lotus feet of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, Nityānanda Prabhu, Advaita Prabhu, and all the associates of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu like Svarūpa Dāmodara, Rūpa Gosvāmī, Sanātana Gosvāmī and Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī. I wish to take the dust of their lotus feet upon my head. In this way I wish to be blessed with their mercy.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya36_56" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="388" link="CC Madhya 3.6" link_text="CC Madhya 3.6">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 3.6|CC Madhya 3.6, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Gopāla Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī, who is known as a smṛty-ācārya in the Gauḍīya-Vaiṣṇava-sampradāya, later accepted the tridaṇḍa-sannyāsa order from Tridaṇḍipāda Prabodhānanda Sarasvatī. Although acceptance of tridaṇḍa-sannyāsa is not distinctly mentioned in the Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava literature, the first verse of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Upadeśāmṛta advocates that one should accept the tridaṇḍa-sannyāsa order by controlling the six forces:</p>
:vāco vegaṁ manasaḥ krodha-vegaṁ
:jihvā-vegam udaropastha-vegam
:etān vegān yo viṣaheta dhīraḥ
:sarvām apīmāṁ pṛthivīṁ sa śiṣyāt
:([[Vanisource:NOI 1|NOI 1]])
<p>"One who can control the forces of speech, mind, anger, belly, tongue and genitals is known as a gosvāmī and is competent to accept disciples all over the world."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya3219_57" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="597" link="CC Madhya 3.219" link_text="CC Madhya 3.219">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 3.219|CC Madhya 3.219, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya4213_58" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="810" link="CC Madhya 4.213" link_text="CC Madhya 4.213">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 4.213|CC Madhya 4.213, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya5161_59" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="970" link="CC Madhya 5.161" link_text="CC Madhya 5.161">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 5.161|CC Madhya 5.161, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya613_60" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="984" link="CC Madhya 6.13" link_text="CC Madhya 6.13">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 6.13|CC Madhya 6.13, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya considered, "The uncommon ecstatic symptoms of adhirūḍha-bhāva are appearing in the body of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. This is very wonderful! How are they possible in the body of a human being?"</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Adhirūḍha-bhāva, or adhirūḍha-mahābhāva, is explained in the Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura quotes Rūpa Gosvāmī as follows: "The loving propensity of the āśraya (devotee) toward the viṣaya (Lord) becomes so ecstatic that even after enjoying the company of the beloved, the devotee feels that his enjoyment is insufficient. At such a time, the lover sees the beloved in different ways. Such a development of ecstasy is called anurāga. When anurāga reaches its highest limit and becomes perceivable in the body, it is called bhāva. When the bodily symptoms are not very distinct, however, the emotional state is still called anurāga, not bhāva. When bhāva ecstasy is intensified, it is called mahā-bhāva. The symptoms of mahā-bhāva are visible only in the bodies of eternal associates like the gopīs."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya699_61" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1069" link="CC Madhya 6.99" link_text="CC Madhya 6.99">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 6.99|CC Madhya 6.99, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In his book Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has enumerated the following twenty-five līlā-avatāras: Catuḥ-sana, Nārada, Varāha, Matsya, Yajña, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, Kapila, Dattātreya, Hayaśīrṣa (Hayagrīva), Haṁsa, Pṛśnigarbha, Ṛṣabha, Pṛthu, Nṛsiṁha, Kūrma, Dhanvantari, Mohinī, Vāmana, Paraśurāma, Rāghavendra, Vyāsa, Balarāma, Kṛṣṇa, Buddha and Kalki.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya6175_62" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1144" link="CC Madhya 6.175" link_text="CC Madhya 6.175">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 6.175|CC Madhya 6.175, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">By word jugglery, Śaṅkarācārya tried to create an illusory presentation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead in His relationship with the living entities and the cosmic manifestation. Tat tvam asi is a warning to the living entity not to mistake the body for the self. Therefore tat tvam asi is especially meant for the conditioned soul. The chanting of oṁkāra or the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra is meant for the liberated soul. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has said, ayi mukta-kulair upāsyamānam (Nāmāṣṭaka 1). Thus the holy name of the Lord is chanted by the liberated souls.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya6286_63" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1253" link="CC Madhya 6.286" link_text="CC Madhya 6.286">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 6.286|CC Madhya 6.286, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya737_64" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1290" link="CC Madhya 7.37" link_text="CC Madhya 7.37">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 7.37|CC Madhya 7.37, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">From this verse it is clear that Caitanya Mahāprabhu was chanting the holy names a fixed number of times daily. The Gosvāmīs used to follow in the footsteps of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, and Haridāsa Ṭhākura also followed this principle. Concerning the Gosvāmīs—Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī, Śrīla Raghunātha Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī, Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī, Śrīla Gopāla Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī—Śrīnivāsa Ācārya confirms, saṅkhyā-pūrvaka-nāma-gāna-natibhiḥ. (Ṣaḍ-gosvāmy-aṣṭaka 6) In addition to other duties, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu introduced the system of chanting the holy name of the Lord a fixed number of times daily, as confirmed in this verse (tomāra dui hasta baddha nāma-gaṇane). Caitanya Mahāprabhu used to count on His fingers. While one hand was engaged in chanting, the other hand kept the number of rounds. This is corroborated in the Caitanya-candrāmṛta and also in Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Stava-mālā:</p>
:badhnan prema-bhara-prakampita-karo granthīn kaṭī-dorakaiḥ
:saṅkhyātuṁ nija-loka-maṅgala-hare-kṛṣṇeti nāmnāṁ japan
:(Caitanya-candrāmṛta 16)
:hare kṛṣṇety uccaiḥ sphurita-rasano nāma-gaṇanā-
:kṛta-granthi-śreṇī-subhaga-kaṭi-sūtrojjvala-karaḥ
:(Prathama-caitanyāṣṭaka 5)
<p>Therefore devotees in the line of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu must chant at least sixteen rounds daily, and this is the number prescribed by the International Society for Krishna Consciousness. Haridāsa Ṭhākura daily chanted 300,000 names. Sixteen rounds is about 28,000 names. There is no need to imitate Haridāsa Ṭhākura or the other Gosvāmīs, but chanting the holy name a fixed number of times daily is essential for every devotee.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya7130_65" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1383" link="CC Madhya 7.130" link_text="CC Madhya 7.130">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 7.130|CC Madhya 7.130, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">There are many sahajiyās who decry the activities of the six Gosvāmīs—Śrīla Rūpa, Sanātana, Raghunātha dāsa, Bhaṭṭa Raghunātha, Jīva and Gopāla Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmīs—who are the personal associates of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and who enlightened society by writing books on devotional service. Similarly, Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura and other great ācāryas like Madhvācārya, Rāmānujācārya and others accepted many thousands of disciples to induce them to render devotional service. However, there is a class of sahajiyās who think that these activities are opposed to the principles of devotional service. Indeed, they consider such activities simply another phase of materialism. Thus opposing the principles of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, they commit offenses at His lotus feet.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya7155_66" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1406" link="CC Madhya 7.155" link_text="CC Madhya 7.155">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 7.155|CC Madhya 7.155, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya838_67" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1445" link="CC Madhya 8.38" link_text="CC Madhya 8.38">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.38|CC Madhya 8.38, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's specific mission is to deliver fallen souls. Of course, in this Age of Kali there is hardly anyone who is not fallen according to the calculations of Vedic behavior. In His instructions to Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu described the so-called followers of Vedic religion in this way ([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.146|CC Madhya 19.146]])</p>
:veda-niṣṭha-madhye ardheka veda "mukhe" māne
:veda-niṣiddha pāpa kare, dharma nāhi gaṇe
<p>So-called followers of Vedic principles simply accept the Vedas formally, but they act against Vedic principles. This is symptomatic of this Age of Kali. People claim to follow a certain type of religion, saying formally, "I am Hindu," "I am Muslim," "I am Christian," "I am this or that," but actually no one follows the principles enunciated in religious scriptures. This is the disease of this age.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya839_68" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1446" link="CC Madhya 8.39" link_text="CC Madhya 8.39">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.39|CC Madhya 8.39, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">A sannyāsī is supposed to beg from door to door. He does not beg simply because he is hungry. His real purpose is to enlighten the occupant of every house by preaching Kṛṣṇa consciousness. A sannyāsī does not abandon his superior position and become a beggar just for the sake of begging. Similarly, a person in householder life may be very important, but he may also voluntarily take to the mendicant way of life. Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī were ministers, but they voluntarily accepted the mendicant's life in order to humbly preach Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's message.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya856_69" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1462" link="CC Madhya 8.56" link_text="CC Madhya 8.56">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.56|CC Madhya 8.56, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Following the principle of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, who never discussed the dealings between Kṛṣṇa and the gopīs publicly, devotees in the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement are enjoined not to discuss the pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana in public. For the general public, saṅkīrtana is the most effective method to awaken Kṛṣṇa consciousness. If possible, one should discuss the principles enunciated in the Bhagavad-gītā. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu followed this principle very strictly and discussed the philosophy of the Bhagavad-gītā with learned scholars like Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya and Prakāśānanda Sarasvatī. However, He taught the principles of the bhakti cult to students like Sanātana Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmī, and He discussed with Śrī Rāmānanda Rāya the topmost devotional dealings between Kṛṣṇa and the gopīs. For the general populace, He performed saṅkīrtana very vigorously. We must also follow these principles in preaching Kṛṣṇa consciousness all over the world.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya868_70" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1474" link="CC Madhya 8.68" link_text="CC Madhya 8.68">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.68|CC Madhya 8.68, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Pure devotional service cannot be attained by empiric philosophy, nor can perfection be attained simply by good association. Devotional service by self-realization is a different subject matter. It is untouched by fruitive activity, for one surrenders the results of activities to the Lord, abandons prescribed duties and accepts the renounced order of life. Such devotional service is situated on a higher platform than that of empiric philosophical speculation with a mixture of bhakti. This is verified by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.1.11):</p>
:anyābhilāṣitā-śūnyaṁ jñāna-karmādy-anāvṛtam
:ānukūlyena kṛṣṇānu-śīlanaṁ bhaktir uttamā
:([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.167|CC Madhya 19.167]])
<p>"One should render transcendental loving service to the Supreme Lord Kṛṣṇa favorably and without desire for material profit or gain through fruitive activities or philosophical speculation. That is called pure devotional service."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya870_71" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1476" link="CC Madhya 8.70" link_text="CC Madhya 8.70">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.70|CC Madhya 8.70, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">""Pure devotional service in Kṛṣṇa consciousness cannot be had even by pious activity in hundreds and thousands of lives. It can be attained only by paying one price—that is, intense greed to obtain it. If it is available somewhere, one must purchase it without delay.""</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>The previous two verses are included in the Padyāvalī (13, 14), an anthology compiled by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. Verse 69 refers to devotional service in faith, and verse 70 refers to devotional service rendered out of intense greed.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya883_72" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1489" link="CC Madhya 8.83" link_text="CC Madhya 8.83">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.83|CC Madhya 8.83, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“It is true that whatever relationship a particular devotee has with the Lord is the best for him; still, when we study all the different methods from a neutral position, we can understand that there are higher and lower degrees of love.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>In this regard, Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura explains that this verse does not advocate the whimsical invention of some methods of love of Godhead. Such inventions cannot be accepted as topmost. Indeed, such concoctions are not recommended in these verses. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has said in the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.101):</p>
:śruti-smṛti-purāṇādi-pañcarātra-vidhiṁ vinā
:aikāntikī harer bhaktir utpātāyaiva kalpate
<p>He clearly mentions in this verse that one must refer to the Vedic literatures and other, supplementary literatures and follow the conclusion of the Vedas. An invented devotional attitude simply creates disturbances in the transcendental realm.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya883_73" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1489" link="CC Madhya 8.83" link_text="CC Madhya 8.83">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.83|CC Madhya 8.83, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">There are many unauthorized parties pretending to belong to the Śrī Caitanya cult, and some are known as āula, bāula, kartābhajā, neḍā, daraveśa, sāṅi, sahajiyā, sakhībhekī, smārta, jāta-gosāñi, ativāḍī, cūḍādhārī and gaurāṅga-nāgari.</p>
<p>Moreover, there are those who take the caste gosvāmīs' opinions of such parties as bona fide, comparing these opinions to those of the six Gosvāmīs, headed by Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Sanātana. This is simply another cheating process. There are also nondevotees who compose unauthorized songs, who establish different temples for money, who worship the Deity as priests for salaries, who accept caste brahmanism as all in all, and who do not know the value of a pure Vaiṣṇava. Actually the caste brāhmaṇas of the smārta community are opposed to the principles of the Sātvata-pañcarātra. Furthermore, there are many Māyāvādīs and those overly addicted to material sense enjoyment. None of these can be compared to a person who is purely engaged in preaching Kṛṣṇa consciousness.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya884_74" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1490" link="CC Madhya 8.84" link_text="CC Madhya 8.84">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.84|CC Madhya 8.84, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"Increasing love is experienced in various tastes, one above another. But that love which has the highest taste in the gradual succession of desires manifests itself in the form of conjugal love."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse is from Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (2.5.38), and it also appears in Ādi-līlā, Chapter Four, verse 45.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya899_75" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1505" link="CC Madhya 8.99" link_text="CC Madhya 8.99">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.99|CC Madhya 8.99, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"Just as Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī is most dear to Śrī Kṛṣṇa, Her bathing place (Rādhā-kuṇḍa) is also dear to Him. Among all the gopīs, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī is supermost and very dear to Lord Kṛṣṇa."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse is from the Padma Purāṇa and is included in the Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta (2.1.45), by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. It also appears in the Ādi-līlā, Chapter Four, verse 215, and again in the Madhya-līlā, Chapter Eighteen, verse 8.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8111_76" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1517" link="CC Madhya 8.111" link_text="CC Madhya 8.111">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.111|CC Madhya 8.111, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"The progress of loving affairs between a young boy and a young girl is like the movement of a snake. On account of this, two types of anger arise between a young boy and girl—anger with cause and anger without cause."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>During the rāsa dance, one form of Kṛṣṇa was between every two gopīs. But by the side of Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī there was only one Kṛṣṇa. Although this was the case, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī still manifested disagreement with Kṛṣṇa. This verse is from the Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Śṛṅgāra-bheda-kathana 102), written by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8139_77" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1544" link="CC Madhya 8.139" link_text="CC Madhya 8.139">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.139|CC Madhya 8.139, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The word siddhaye indicates liberation. Only after being liberated from material conditioning can one understand Kṛṣṇa. When one can understand Kṛṣṇa as He is (tattvataḥ), one actually lives in the spiritual world, although apparently living within the material body. This technical science can be understood when one is actually spiritually advanced.</p>
<p>In his Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.187), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī says:</p>
:īhā yasya harer dāsye karmaṇā manasā girā
:nikhilāsv apy avasthāsu jīvan-muktaḥ sa ucyate
<p>When a person in this material world desires only to serve Kṛṣṇa with love and devotion, he is liberated, even though functioning within this material world.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8142_78" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1547" link="CC Madhya 8.142" link_text="CC Madhya 8.142">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.142|CC Madhya 8.142, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"Let Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, be glorified! By virtue of His expanding attractive features, He subjugated the gopīs named Tārakā and Pāli and absorbed the minds of Śyāmā and Lalitā. He is the most attractive lover of Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī and is the reservoir of pleasure for devotees in all transcendental mellows."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Everyone has a particular transcendental mellow by which he loves and serves Kṛṣṇa. Kṛṣṇa is the most attractive feature for every kind of devotee. He is therefore called akhila-rasāmṛta-mūrti, the transcendental form of attraction for all kinds of devotees, whether the devotee be in the śānta-rasa, dāsya-rasa, sakhya-rasa, vātsalya-rasa or mādhurya-rasa.</p>
<p>This is the opening verse of the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8149_79" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1554" link="CC Madhya 8.149" link_text="CC Madhya 8.149">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.149|CC Madhya 8.149, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">""Upon seeing His own reflection in a bejeweled pillar of His Dvārakā palace, Kṛṣṇa desired to embrace it, saying, "Alas, I have never seen such a person before. Who is He? Just by seeing Him I have become eager to embrace Him, exactly like Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī."""</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is a verse from Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Lalita-mādhava (8.34).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8161_80" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1566" link="CC Madhya 8.161" link_text="CC Madhya 8.161">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.161|CC Madhya 8.161, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"Among the gopīs of Vṛndāvana, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī and another gopī are considered chief. But when we compare the gopīs, it appears that Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī is most important because Her real feature expresses the highest ecstasy of love. The ecstasy of love experienced by the other gopīs cannot be compared to that of Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is a quotation from Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Rādhā-prakaraṇa 3).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8195_81" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1599" link="CC Madhya 8.195" link_text="CC Madhya 8.195">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.195|CC Madhya 8.195, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"O my Lord, You live in the forest of Govardhana Hill, and, like the king of elephants, You are expert in the art of conjugal love. O master of the universe, Your heart and Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī"s heart are just like shellac and are now melted in Your spiritual perspiration. Therefore one can no longer distinguish between You and Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī. Now You have mixed Your newly invoked affection, which is like vermilion, with Your melted hearts, and for the benefit of the whole world You have painted both Your hearts red within this great palace of the universe.’”</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse quoted by Rāmānanda Rāya is included in Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Sthāyi-bhāva-prakaraṇa 155).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8204205_82" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1608" link="CC Madhya 8.204-205" link_text="CC Madhya 8.204-205">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.204-205|CC Madhya 8.204-205, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In the Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Sakhī-prakaraṇa 1), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī advises:</p>
:prema-līlā-vihārāṇāṁ
:samyag vistārikā sakhī
:viśrambha-ratna-peṭī ca
<p>One who expands the conjugal love of Kṛṣṇa and His enjoyment among the gopīs is called a sakhī. Such a person is a confidential gopī in the conjugal affairs. Such assistants are like jewels in the form of Kṛṣṇa's confidantes.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8246_83" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1649" link="CC Madhya 8.246" link_text="CC Madhya 8.246">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.246|CC Madhya 8.246, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī are the most exalted servitors of Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī and Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Those who adhere to their service are known as rūpānuga devotees. The Caitanya-candrāmṛta (26) gives the following statement about Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī:</p>
:āstāṁ vairāgya-koṭir bhavatu śama-dama-kṣānti-maitry-ādi-koṭis
:tattvānudhyāna-koṭir bhavatu bhavatu vā vaiṣṇavī bhakti-koṭiḥ
:koṭy-aṁśo ’py asya na syāt tad api guṇa-gaṇo yaḥ svataḥ-siddha āste
:śrīmac-caitanyacandra-priya-caraṇa-nakha-jyotir āmoda-bhājām
<p>The qualities of one engaged in the service of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu—such as reputation, austerities, penances and knowledge—are not to be compared to the good qualities of others. Such is the perfection of a devotee always engaged in the service of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8276_84" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1679" link="CC Madhya 8.276" link_text="CC Madhya 8.276">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.276|CC Madhya 8.276, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In Kṛṣṇa's absence the gopīs were always absorbed in thought of Him. Similarly, the mahā-bhāgavata, the advanced devotee, sees everything as potentially serving the Lord. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī states:</p>
:prāpañcikatayā buddhyā hari-sambandhi-vastunaḥ
:mumukṣubhiḥ parityāgo vairāgyaṁ phalgu kathyate
:(Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 1.2.126)
<p>The advanced devotee does not see anything as unconnected with Kṛṣṇa. Unlike the Māyāvādī philosophers, a devotee does not see the material world as false, because he knows that everything in the material world is connected to Kṛṣṇa.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya8313_85" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1716" link="CC Madhya 8.313" link_text="CC Madhya 8.313">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 8.313|CC Madhya 8.313, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya933_86" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1749" link="CC Madhya 9.33" link_text="CC Madhya 9.33">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 9.33|CC Madhya 9.33, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"The pious results derived from chanting the thousand holy names of Viṣṇu three times can be attained by only one utterance of the holy name of Kṛṣṇa."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse from the Brahmāṇḍa Purāṇa is found in the Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta (1.5.354), by Rūpa Gosvāmī. Simply by chanting the name of Kṛṣṇa once, one can attain the same results achieved by chanting the holy name of Rāma three times.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya9150_87" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="1866" link="CC Madhya 9.150" link_text="CC Madhya 9.150">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 9.150|CC Madhya 9.150, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"Once Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa playfully manifested Himself as Nārāyaṇa, with four victorious hands and a very beautiful form. When the gopīs saw this exalted form, however, their ecstatic feelings were crippled. A learned scholar, therefore, cannot understand the gopīs" ecstatic feelings, which are firmly fixed upon the original form of Lord Kṛṣṇa as the son of Nanda Mahārāja. The wonderful feelings of the gopīs in ecstatic parama-rasa with Kṛṣṇa constitute the greatest mystery in spiritual life.’”</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is a verse spoken by Nārada Muni in the Lalita-mādhava-nāṭaka (6.14), a drama written by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya9289_88" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2002" link="CC Madhya 9.289" link_text="CC Madhya 9.289">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 9.289|CC Madhya 9.289, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">There were six great Gosvāmīs of Vṛndāvana—Śrīla Rūpa, Sanātana, Bhaṭṭa Raghunātha, Śrī Jīva, Gopāla Bhaṭṭa and Dāsa Raghunātha—and none of them inherited the title of gosvāmī. All the Gosvāmīs of Vṛndāvana were bona fide spiritual masters situated on the highest platform of devotional service, and for that reason they were called gosvāmīs.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya9365_89" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2078" link="CC Madhya 9.365" link_text="CC Madhya 9.365">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 9.365|CC Madhya 9.365, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>As usual the author concludes the chapter by reciting the names of Śrī Rūpa and Raghunātha and reinstating himself at their lotus feet.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya10190_90" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2269" link="CC Madhya 10.190" link_text="CC Madhya 10.190">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 10.190|CC Madhya 10.190, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1131_91" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2300" link="CC Madhya 11.31" link_text="CC Madhya 11.31">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 11.31|CC Madhya 11.31, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In this quotation from the Padma Purāṇa, Lord Śiva answers a question posed to him by goddess Durgā. This verse is also included in the Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta (2.4), by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. The words viṣṇor ārādhanam refer to the worship of Lord Viṣṇu, or Kṛṣṇa. Thus the supreme form of worship is the satisfaction of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Śrī Kṛṣṇa. It is further concluded that the worshiper of Lord Viṣṇu renders better service by worshiping the devotee of Lord Kṛṣṇa.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1131_92" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2300" link="CC Madhya 11.31" link_text="CC Madhya 11.31">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 11.31|CC Madhya 11.31, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Although all the rasas are on the transcendental platform, mādhurya-rasa is the supreme transcendental mellow. Consequently it is concluded that the worship of devotees engaged in the Lord's service in mādhurya-rasa is the supreme spiritual activity. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and His followers mainly worship Lord Kṛṣṇa in mādhurya-rasa. Other Vaiṣṇava ācāryas recommended worship up to vātsalya-rasa. Therefore Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Vidagdha-mādhava (1.2) describes Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's cult as supreme:</p>
:anarpita-carīṁ cirāt karuṇayāvatīrṇaḥ kalau
:samarpayitum unnatojjvala-rasāṁ sva-bhakti-śriyam
<p>Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu appeared in this Age of Kali to exhibit the superexcellence of mādhurya-rasa, a gift never previously bestowed by any ācārya or incarnation. Consequently Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu is accepted as the most magnanimous incarnation. It is He only who distributed love of Kṛṣṇa while exhibiting the superexcellence of loving Kṛṣṇa in the conjugal rasa.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1152_93" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2321" link="CC Madhya 11.52" link_text="CC Madhya 11.52">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 11.52|CC Madhya 11.52, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">As soon as the Bhaṭṭācārya saw the King's firm determination, he declared, "The Supreme Lord is approached only by pure love. Your love for Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu is very, very deep; therefore without a doubt He will be merciful upon you."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Such determination is the first qualification. As confirmed by Rūpa Gosvāmī (Upadeśāmṛta 3): utsāhān niścayād dhairyāt. One must first have firm determination, firm faith. When one engages in devotional service, he must maintain this firm determination. Then Kṛṣṇa will be pleased with his service.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1189_94" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2358" link="CC Madhya 11.89" link_text="CC Madhya 11.89">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 11.89|CC Madhya 11.89, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">One who is intelligent understands that all the personal associates and devotees of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu are ever liberated. This means that because they are always engaged in the devotional service of the Lord, they do not belong to this material world. One who is engaged in the Lord's devotional service twenty-four hours daily and never forgets the Lord is called nitya-siddha. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī confirms this statement:</p>
:īhā yasya harer dāsye karmaṇā manasā girā
:nikhilāsv apy avasthāsu jīvan-muktaḥ sa ucyate
<p>"A person acting in the service of Kṛṣṇa with body, mind, intelligence and words is a liberated person even within the material world, although he may be engaged in many so-called material activities." (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, 1.2.187)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya11243_95" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2509" link="CC Madhya 11.243" link_text="CC Madhya 11.243">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 11.243|CC Madhya 11.243, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1244_96" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2554" link="CC Madhya 12.44" link_text="CC Madhya 12.44">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 12.44|CC Madhya 12.44, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">A diplomat in the material world knows how to deal with people, especially in political affairs. Some of the great devotees of the Lord—like Rāmānanda Rāya, Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī, Sanātana Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmī—were government officers and had a background of very opulent householder life. Consequently they knew how to deal with people. In many instances we have seen the diplomacy of Rūpa Gosvāmī, Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī and Rāmānanda Rāya employed in the service of the Lord.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya12135_97" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2645" link="CC Madhya 12.135" link_text="CC Madhya 12.135">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 12.135|CC Madhya 12.135, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">If the heart is filled with straw, grains of sand, weeds or dust (in other words, anyābhilāṣa-pūrṇa), one cannot enthrone the Supreme Personality of Godhead there. The heart must be cleansed of all material motives brought about through fruitive work, speculative knowledge, the mystic yoga system and so many other forms of so-called meditation. The heart must be cleansed without ulterior motive. As Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī says, anyābhilāṣitā-śūnyaṁ jñāna-karmādy-anāvṛtam (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 1.1.11). In other words, there should not be any external motive. One should not attempt material upliftment, understanding the Supreme by speculative knowledge, fruitive activity, severe austerity and penance, and so on. All these activities are against the natural growth of spontaneous love of Godhead. As soon as these are present within the heart, the heart should be understood to be unclean and therefore unfit to serve as Kṛṣṇa's sitting place. We cannot perceive the Lord's presence in our hearts unless our hearts are cleansed.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya12195_98" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2703" link="CC Madhya 12.195" link_text="CC Madhya 12.195">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 12.195|CC Madhya 12.195, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In his Upadeśāmṛta (4), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has described the symptoms of intimate relationships in this way:</p>
:dadāti pratigṛhṇāti guhyam ākhyāti pṛcchati
:bhuṅkte bhojayate caiva ṣaḍ-vidhaṁ prīti-lakṣaṇam
<p>The words bhuṅkte bhojayate indicate that one should eat with devotees. One should carefully avoid eating food offered by nondevotees. Indeed, a devotee should be very strict in not accepting food from a nondevotee, especially food prepared in restaurants or hotels or on airplanes.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya12215_99" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2723" link="CC Madhya 12.215" link_text="CC Madhya 12.215">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 12.215|CC Madhya 12.215, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">As their eyes began to drink the nectarean honey of His lotus face, their thirst increased. Thus their eyes did not leave Him.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>In the Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta (1.5.538), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has described the beauty of the Lord in this way:</p>
:asamānordhva-mādhurya-taraṅgāmṛta-vāridhiḥ
:jaṅgama-sthāvarollāsi-rūpo gopendra-nandanaḥ
<p>"The beauty of the son of Mahārāja Nanda is incomparable. Nothing is higher than His beauty, and nothing can equal it. His beauty is like waves in an ocean of nectar. This beauty is attractive both for moving and for nonmoving objects."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya12222_100" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2729" link="CC Madhya 12.222" link_text="CC Madhya 12.222">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 12.222|CC Madhya 12.222, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1318_101" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2748" link="CC Madhya 13.18" link_text="CC Madhya 13.18">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.18|CC Madhya 13.18, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">If a devotee accepts Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu as the universal guru and Lord Jagannātha as the Supreme Personality of Godhead Kṛṣṇa, he is benefited by the combined mercy of Kṛṣṇa and guru. That is stated by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu in His instructions to Rūpa Gosvāmī ([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.151|CC Madhya 19.151]]):</p>
:brahmāṇḍa bhramite kona bhāgyavān jīva
:guru-kṛṣṇa-prasāde pāya bhakti-latā-bīja
<p>The seed of devotional service fructifies and becomes a transcendental creeper. Finally it reaches the lotus feet of the Lord in the spiritual sky. This seed is obtained by the mercy of the Lord and the guru. By the Lord's mercy one gets the association of a bona fide guru, and by the mercy of the guru one gets a chance to render devotional service. Devotional service, the science of bhakti-yoga, carries one from this material world to the spiritual world.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1380_102" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2810" link="CC Madhya 13.80" link_text="CC Madhya 13.80">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.80|CC Madhya 13.80, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">""I am not a brāhmaṇa, I am not a kṣatriya, I am not a vaiśya or a śūdra. Nor am I a brahmacārī, a householder, a vānaprastha or a sannyāsī. I identify Myself only as the servant of the servant of the servant of the lotus feet of Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the maintainer of the gopīs. He is like an ocean of nectar, and He is the cause of universal transcendental bliss. He is always existing with brilliance.""</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is verse 74 from the Padyāvalī, an anthology of verses compiled by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya13134_103" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2864" link="CC Madhya 13.134" link_text="CC Madhya 13.134">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.134|CC Madhya 13.134, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The meaning of those verses was known to Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī, but he did not reveal it. However, Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī has broadcast the meaning.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya13140_104" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2870" link="CC Madhya 13.140" link_text="CC Madhya 13.140">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.140|CC Madhya 13.140, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī says in his  (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 1.1.11):</p>
:anyābhilāṣitā-śūnyaṁ jñāna-karmādy-anāvṛtam
:ānakūlyena kṛṣṇānu-śīlanaṁ bhaktir uttamā
:([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.167|CC Madhya 19.167]])
<p>For a pure devotee, there is no scope for indulgence in mystic yoga practice or the cultivation of speculative philosophy. It is indeed impossible for a pure devotee to engage his mind in such unwanted activities. Even if a pure devotee wanted to, his mind would not allow him to do so. That is a characteristic of a pure devotee—he is transcendental to all fruitive activity, speculative philosophy and mystic yoga meditation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya13206_105" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2936" link="CC Madhya 13.206" link_text="CC Madhya 13.206">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.206|CC Madhya 13.206, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In his prayer known as the Caitanyāṣṭaka, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has given a vivid description of the Lord's dancing before the car of Jagannātha.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī composed three prayers with the title Caitanyāṣṭaka. The verse next quoted is text 7 from the first of the Caitanyāṣṭaka prayers, which are included in the book Stava-mālā.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya13209_106" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2939" link="CC Madhya 13.209" link_text="CC Madhya 13.209">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.209|CC Madhya 13.209, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1416_107" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="2956" link="CC Madhya 14.16" link_text="CC Madhya 14.16">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 14.16|CC Madhya 14.16, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī experienced the mercy and magnanimity of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, he said:</p>
:namo mahā-vadānyāya kṛṣṇa-prema-pradāya te
:kṛṣṇāya kṛṣṇa-caitanya-nāmne gaura-tviṣe namaḥ
:([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.53|CC Madhya 19.53]])
<p>"I offer my respectful obeisances unto the Supreme Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya, who is more magnanimous than any other avatāra, even Kṛṣṇa Himself, because He is bestowing freely what no one else has ever given—pure love of Kṛṣṇa."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya14161_108" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3100" link="CC Madhya 14.161" link_text="CC Madhya 14.161">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 14.161|CC Madhya 14.161, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The left wing and right wing of the gopīs has been explained by Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Sakhī-prakaraṇa 26 and 32). The left wing is described in this way:</p>
:mana-grahe sadodyuktā tac-chaithilye ca kopanā
:abhedyā nāyake prāyaḥ krūrā vāmeti kīrtyate
<p>"A gopī who is always eager to be jealously angered, who is very enthusiastic for that position, who immediately becomes angry when defeated, who is never under the control of a hero, and who always opposes Him is called a vāmā, or a left-wing gopī."</p>
<p>Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī describes the right-wing gopīs in this way:</p>
:asahyā māna-nirbandhe nāyake yukta-vādinī
:sāmabhis tena bhedyā ca dakṣiṇā parikīrtitā
<p>"A gopī who cannot tolerate womanly anger, who speaks suitable words to the hero, and who is satisfied by His sweet words is called a dakṣiṇā, or a right-wing gopī."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya14163_109" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3102" link="CC Madhya 14.163" link_text="CC Madhya 14.163">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 14.163|CC Madhya 14.163, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">""The progress of loving affairs between a young boy and a young girl is by nature crooked, like the movement of a snake. Because of this, two types of anger arise between a young boy and girl—anger with a cause and anger without a cause.""</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is a quotation from Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Śṛṅgāra-bheda-prakaraṇa 102).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya14173_110" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3112" link="CC Madhya 14.173" link_text="CC Madhya 14.173">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 14.173|CC Madhya 14.173, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Being a cowherd girl, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī regularly carries milk in a container and often goes to sell the milk on the other side of the Yamunā. To cross the river, She has to pay the boatman, and the spot where the boatman collects his fares is called the dāna-ghāṭi. Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa stops Her from going, telling Her, "First You have to pay the fee; then You will be allowed to go." This pastime is called dāna-keli-līlā. Similarly, if Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī wants to pick a flower, Śrī Kṛṣṇa claims to be the garden's proprietor and prohibits Her. This pastime is called kila-kiñcita. Rādhārāṇī’s shyness arises due to Śrī Kṛṣṇa's prohibitions, and ecstatic loving bodily symptoms called kila-kiñcita-bhāva are manifest at this time. These ecstatic symptoms are explained in the following verse, which is from Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Anubhāva-prakaraṇa 39).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya14179_111" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3118" link="CC Madhya 14.179" link_text="CC Madhya 14.179">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 14.179|CC Madhya 14.179, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa is thousands upon thousands of times more satisfied when He sees Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī’s face light up from this combination of ecstatic love than He is by direct union with Her.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is further explained in the following verse from the Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi (Anubhāva-prakaraṇa 41) of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya14257_112" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3196" link="CC Madhya 14.257" link_text="CC Madhya 14.257">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 14.257|CC Madhya 14.257, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya15106_113" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3302" link="CC Madhya 15.106" link_text="CC Madhya 15.106">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 15.106|CC Madhya 15.106, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura says that a person who simply chants the holy name of Kṛṣṇa once becomes perfect and should be regarded as a Vaiṣṇava. This is confirmed by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Upadeśāmṛta (5): kṛṣṇeti yasya giri taṁ manasādriyeta. With such faith in the holy name one may begin a life of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. But an ordinary person cannot chant the holy name of Kṛṣṇa with such faith.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya15110_114" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3306" link="CC Madhya 15.110" link_text="CC Madhya 15.110">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 15.110|CC Madhya 15.110, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">""The holy name of Lord Kṛṣṇa is an attractive feature for many saintly, liberal people. It is the annihilator of all sinful reactions and is so powerful that, save for the dumb who cannot chant it, it is readily available to everyone, including the lowest type of man, the caṇḍāla. The holy name of Kṛṣṇa is the controller of the opulence of liberation, and it is identical with Kṛṣṇa. When a person simply chants the holy name with his tongue, immediate effects are produced. Chanting the holy name does not depend on initiation, pious activities or the puraścaryā regulative principles generally observed before initiation. The holy name does not wait for any of these activities. It is self-sufficient.""</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse is found in the Padyāvalī (29), an anthology of verses compiled by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya15111_115" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3307" link="CC Madhya 15.111" link_text="CC Madhya 15.111">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 15.111|CC Madhya 15.111, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu then finally advised, "One who is chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra is understood to be a Vaiṣṇava; therefore you should offer all respects to him."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>In his Upadeśāmṛta (5), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī states: kṛṣṇeti yasya giri taṁ manasādriyeta dīkṣāsti cet praṇatibhiś ca bhajantam īśam. An advanced devotee should respect a person who has been initiated by a bona fide spiritual master and who is situated on the transcendental platform, chanting the holy name with faith and obeisances and following the instructions of the spiritual master.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya15241_116" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3435" link="CC Madhya 15.241" link_text="CC Madhya 15.241">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 15.241|CC Madhya 15.241, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In Dvārakā, Lord Kṛṣṇa had eighteen mothers—Devakī, Rohiṇī and others. Besides these was His foster mother, Yaśodā, in Vṛndāvana. Lord Kṛṣṇa also had many uncles. As stated by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Bṛhat Śrī Śrī Rādhā-kṛṣṇa-gaṇoddeśa-dīpikā (32), upanando ‘bhinandaś ca pitṛvyau pūrva-jau pituḥ: "The elder brothers of Nanda Mahārāja were Upananda and Abhinanda." Similarly, in the same verse the names of the younger brothers of Nanda Mahārāja are given: pitṛvyau tu kanīyāṁsau syātāṁ sannanda-nandanau. "Sannanda and Nandana (also known as Sunanda and Pāṇḍava) were the younger brothers of Kṛṣṇa's father, Nanda Mahārāja."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya15302_117" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3496" link="CC Madhya 15.302" link_text="CC Madhya 15.302">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 15.302|CC Madhya 15.302, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya16Summary_118" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3497" link="CC Madhya 16 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 16 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16 Summary|CC Madhya 16 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">From Kaṭaka, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu again requested Gadādhara Paṇḍita to return to Nīlācala, and He bade farewell to Rāmānanda Rāya from Bhadraka. After this, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu crossed the border of Orissa state, and He arrived at Pānihāṭi by boat. Thereafter He visited the house of Rāghava Paṇḍita, and from there He went to Kumārahaṭṭa and eventually to Kuliyā, where He excused many offenders. From there He went to Rāmakeli, where He saw Śrī Rūpa and Sanātana and accepted them as His chief disciples. Returning from Rāmakeli, He met Raghunātha dāsa and after giving him instructions sent him back home. Thereafter the Lord returned to Nīlācala and began to make plans to go to Vṛndāvana without a companion.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1664_119" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3559" link="CC Madhya 16.64" link_text="CC Madhya 16.64">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.64|CC Madhya 16.64, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Following the orders of His mother, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was residing at Jagannātha Purī, and the devotees were coming to see Him. However, the Lord felt that this message must be spread very elaborately in Bengal, and in His absence there was not a second person capable of doing it. Consequently the Lord requested Nityānanda Prabhu to stay there and broadcast the message of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. The Lord also entrusted a similar preaching responsibility to Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī. Nityānanda Prabhu was requested not to come every year to Jagannātha Purī, although seeing Lord Jagannātha greatly benefits everyone. Does this mean that the Lord was refusing Nityānanda Prabhu a fortunate opportunity? No. One who is a faithful servant of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu must execute His order, even if one has to sacrifice going to Jagannātha Purī to see Lord Jagannātha there. In other words, it is a greater fortune to carry out Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's order than to satisfy one's senses by seeing Lord Jagannātha.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1665_120" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3560" link="CC Madhya 16.65" link_text="CC Madhya 16.65">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.65|CC Madhya 16.65, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Lord Caitanya's mission is to deliver the fallen souls of this age. In this Age of Kali, practically cent percent of the population is fallen. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu certainly delivered many fallen souls, but His disciples mainly came from the upper classes. For example, He delivered Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Sanātana Gosvāmī, Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya and many others who were socially elevated but fallen from the spiritual point of view. Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmīs were situated in government service, and Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya was the topmost scholar of India. Similarly, Prakāśānanda Sarasvatī was a leader of many thousands of Māyāvādī sannyāsīs. It was Śrīla Nityānanda Prabhu, however, who delivered persons like Jagāi and Mādhāi. Therefore, Lord Caitanya says, āmāra "duṣkara" karma, tomā haite haye. Jagāi and Mādhāi were delivered solely by Nityānanda Prabhu's mercy.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1672_121" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3567" link="CC Madhya 16.72" link_text="CC Madhya 16.72">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.72|CC Madhya 16.72, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In his Upadeśāmṛta (5) Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī says, praṇatibhiś ca bhajantam īśam. This means that madhyama-adhikārī devotees should exchange obeisances between themselves.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1672_122" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3567" link="CC Madhya 16.72" link_text="CC Madhya 16.72">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.72|CC Madhya 16.72, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">If one has desires other than a desire to perform devotional service—in other words, if one sometimes engages in devotional service and sometimes strives for sense gratification—his service will be interrupted. A pure devotee, therefore, should have no desire other than to serve Kṛṣṇa. He should be above fruitive activity and speculative knowledge. In his Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu  (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 1.1.11), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī says:</p>
:anyābhilāṣitā-śūnyaṁ jñāna-karmādy-anāvṛtam
:ānukūlyena kṛṣṇānu-śīlanaṁ bhaktir uttamā
:([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.167|CC Madhya 19.167]])
<p>This is the platform of pure devotional service. One should not be motivated by fruitive activity or mental speculation but should simply serve Kṛṣṇa favorably. That is first-class devotion.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya16238_123" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3728" link="CC Madhya 16.238" link_text="CC Madhya 16.238">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.238|CC Madhya 16.238, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The word markaṭa-vairāgya is used by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu to indicate so-called Vaiṣṇavas who dress themselves in loincloths trying to imitate Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. Such people carry a bead bag and chant, but at heart they are always thinking about getting women and money. Unknown to others, these markaṭa-vairāgīs maintain women but externally present themselves as renunciants. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was very much opposed to these markaṭa-vairāgīs, or pseudo Vaiṣṇavas.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya16262_124" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3751" link="CC Madhya 16.262" link_text="CC Madhya 16.262">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.262|CC Madhya 16.262, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana are very much experienced in education, devotional service, intelligence and strength, yet they think themselves inferior to straw in the street.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya16290_125" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3777" link="CC Madhya 16.290" link_text="CC Madhya 16.290">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 16.290|CC Madhya 16.290, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1751_126" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3828" link="CC Madhya 17.51" link_text="CC Madhya 17.51">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 17.51|CC Madhya 17.51, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has described Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu as mahā-vadānya-avatāra, the most munificent incarnation. Although Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu is not physically present now, simply by chanting His holy name (śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya prabhu-nityānanda śrī-advaita gadādhara śrīvāsādi-gaura-bhakta-vṛnda) people throughout the world are becoming devotees. This is due to the ecstatic chanting of the holy name of the Lord.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya17116_127" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3892" link="CC Madhya 17.116" link_text="CC Madhya 17.116">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 17.116|CC Madhya 17.116, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">According to Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, since Prakāśānanda Sarasvatī was not engaged in the Lord's devotional service, his sannyāsa is to be considered phalgu-vairāgya. This means that since he did not know how to use things for the Lord's service, his renunciation of the world was artificial.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya17185_128" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="3961" link="CC Madhya 17.185" link_text="CC Madhya 17.185">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 17.185|CC Madhya 17.185, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">To select our mahājanas in the Gauḍīya-sampradāya, we have to follow in the footsteps of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and His representatives. His next representative is Śrī Svarūpa Dāmodara Gosvāmī, and the next representatives are the six Gosvāmīs—Śrī Rūpa, Śrī Sanātana, Bhaṭṭa Raghunātha, Śrī Jīva, Gopāla Bhaṭṭa and Dāsa Raghunātha. A follower of Viṣṇu Svāmī’s was Śrīdhara Svāmī, the most well known commentator on Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. He was also a mahājana. Similarly, Caṇḍīdāsa, Vidyāpati and Jayadeva were all mahājanas. One who tries to imitate the mahājanas just to become an imitative spiritual master is certainly far away from following in the footsteps of the mahājanas. Sometimes people cannot actually understand how a mahājana follows other mahājanas. In this way people commit offenses and fall from devotional service.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya17234_129" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4009" link="CC Madhya 17.234" link_text="CC Madhya 17.234">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 17.234|CC Madhya 17.234, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya18Summary_130" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4010" link="CC Madhya 18 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 18 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18 Summary|CC Madhya 18 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu had no desire to climb Govardhana Hill because the hill is worshiped as Kṛṣṇa. The Gopāla Deity could understand the mind of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu; therefore on the plea of being attacked by Muslims, Gopāla transferred Himself to the village of Gāṅṭhuli-grāma. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu then went to Gāṅṭhuli-grāma to see Lord Gopāla. Some years later, Lord Gopāla also went to Mathurā, to the house of Viṭhṭhaleśvara, and stayed there for one month just to give an audience to Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1845_131" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4055" link="CC Madhya 18.45" link_text="CC Madhya 18.45">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.45|CC Madhya 18.45, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The two brothers Rūpa and Sanātana did not climb the hill. To them also Lord Gopāla granted an interview.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1846_132" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4056" link="CC Madhya 18.46" link_text="CC Madhya 18.46">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.46|CC Madhya 18.46, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In ripe old age, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī could not go there, but he had a desire to see the beauty of Gopāla.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1847_133" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4057" link="CC Madhya 18.47" link_text="CC Madhya 18.47">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.47|CC Madhya 18.47, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Due to fear of the Muslims, Gopāla went to Mathurā, where He remained in the house of Viṭhṭhaleśvara for one full month.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>When the two brothers Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī went to Vṛndāvana, they decided to live there. Following Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's example, they did not climb the hill because they considered it nondifferent from Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. On some pretext, the Gopāla Deity granted Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu an audience beneath the hill, and Gopāla similarly favored Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī. During his ripe old age, when Rūpa Gosvāmī could not go to Govardhana Hill because of invalidity, Gopāla kindly went to Mathurā and remained at the house of Viṭhṭhaleśvara for one month. It was then that Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī could see Gopāla's beauty to his heart's content.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1847_134" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4057" link="CC Madhya 18.47" link_text="CC Madhya 18.47">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.47|CC Madhya 18.47, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Viṭhṭhaleśvara had seven sons: Giridhara, Govinda, Bālakṛṣṇa, Gokuleśa, Raghunātha, Yadunātha and Ghanaśyāma. Viṭhṭhaleśvara completed many of his father's unfinished books, including his commentary on the Vedānta-sūtra, the Subodhinī commentary on Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, Vidvan-maṇḍana, Śṛṅgāra-rasa-maṇḍana and Nyāsādeśa-vivaraṇa. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu went to Vṛndāvana before the birth of Viṭhṭhaleśvara. As previously mentioned, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī was very old at the time Gopāla stayed at the house of Viṭhṭhaleśvara.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1848_135" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4058" link="CC Madhya 18.48" link_text="CC Madhya 18.48">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.48|CC Madhya 18.48, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and his associates stayed in Mathurā for one month and saw the Gopāla Deity.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1849_136" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4059" link="CC Madhya 18.49" link_text="CC Madhya 18.49">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.49|CC Madhya 18.49, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī stayed at Mathurā, he was accompanied by Gopāla Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī, Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī, Raghunātha Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī and Lokanātha dāsa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1850_137" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4060" link="CC Madhya 18.50" link_text="CC Madhya 18.50">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.50|CC Madhya 18.50, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Bhūgarbha Gosvāmī, Śrī Jīva Gosvāmī, Śrī Yādava Ācārya and Govinda Gosvāmī also accompanied Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1852_138" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4062" link="CC Madhya 18.52" link_text="CC Madhya 18.52">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.52|CC Madhya 18.52, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In the Bhakti-ratnākara (Sixth Wave), there is a list of many of the chief devotees who accompanied Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
:gosvāmī gopāla-bhaṭṭa ati dayāmaya
:bhūgarbha, śrī-lokanātha—guṇera ālaya
:śrī-mādhava, śrī-paramānanda-bhaṭṭācārya
:śrī-madhu-paṇḍita—yāṅra caritra āścarya
:premī kṛṣṇadāsa kṛṣṇadāsa brahmacārī
:yādava ācārya, nārāyaṇa kṛpāvān
:śrī-puṇḍarīkākṣa-gosāñi, govinda, īśāna
:śrī-govinda vāṇī-kṛṣṇadāsa aty-udāra
:śrī-uddhava—madhye-madhye gauḍe gati yāṅra
:dvija-haridāsa kṛṣṇadāsa kavirāja
:śrī-gopāla-dāsa yāṅra alaukika kāya
:śrī-gopāla, mādhavādi yateka vaiṣṇava
<p>"The following Vaiṣṇavas were present with Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī: the merciful Gopāla Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī; Bhūgarbha Gosvāmī; Śrī Lokanātha dāsa Gosvāmī, a reservoir of good qualities; Śrī Mādhava; Śrī Paramānanda Bhaṭṭācārya; Śrī Madhu Paṇḍita, whose characteristics are all wonderful; Premī Kṛṣṇadāsa; Kṛṣṇadāsa Brahmacārī; Yādava Ācārya; the merciful Nārāyaṇa; Śrī Puṇḍarīkākṣa Gosvāmī; Govinda; Īśāna; Śrī Govinda; the magnanimous Vāṇī Kṛṣṇadāsa; Śrī Uddhava, who occasionally visited Bengal; Dvija Haridāsa; Kṛṣṇadāsa Kavirāja; Śrī Gopāla dāsa, whose body is completely spiritual; Śrī Gopāla; Mādhava; and many others."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1853_139" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4063" link="CC Madhya 18.53" link_text="CC Madhya 18.53">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.53|CC Madhya 18.53, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">It was with great jubilation that Rūpa Gosvāmī visited Lord Gopāla, accompanied by all these devotees.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1854_140" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4064" link="CC Madhya 18.54" link_text="CC Madhya 18.54">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.54|CC Madhya 18.54, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After staying at Mathurā for one month, the Gopāla Deity returned to His own place, and Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī returned to Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya18229_141" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4238" link="CC Madhya 18.229" link_text="CC Madhya 18.229">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 18.229|CC Madhya 18.229, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19Summary_142" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4239" link="CC Madhya 19 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 19 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19 Summary|CC Madhya 19 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">Meeting Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu in a village called Rāmakeli, two brothers, Rūpa and Sanātana, began to devise means to get out of their government service. They appointed some brāhmaṇas to perform puraścaraṇa ceremonies and chant the holy name of Kṛṣṇa. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī deposited ten thousand gold coins with a grocer, and the balance he brought in two boats to a place called Bāklā Candradvīpa. There he divided this money among the brāhmaṇas, Vaiṣṇavas and his relatives, and a portion he kept for emergency measures and personal needs. He was informed that Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was going to Vṛndāvana from Jagannātha Purī through the forest of Madhya Pradesh; therefore he sent two people to Jagannātha Purī to find out when the Lord would leave for Vṛndāvana. In this way Rūpa Gosvāmī retired, but Sanātana Gosvāmī told the Nawab that he was sick and could not attend to his work. Giving this excuse, he sat at home and studied Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with learned brāhmaṇa scholars.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19Summary_143" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4239" link="CC Madhya 19 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 19 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19 Summary|CC Madhya 19 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">When Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu started for Vṛndāvana through the forest of Madhya Pradesh (Jhārikhaṇḍa), Rūpa Gosvāmī left home and sent news to Sanātana that he was leaving with his younger brother (Anupama Mallika) to meet Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī finally reached Prayāga and met with Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu for ten successive days. During this time, Vallabha Bhaṭṭa extended an invitation to the Lord with great respect. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu introduced Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī to Vallabha Bhaṭṭa. After this, a brāhmaṇa scholar named Raghupati Upādhyāya arrived and discussed Kṛṣṇa consciousness with the Lord. Kavirāja Gosvāmī then extensively describes the living condition of Śrī Rūpa and Sanātana at Vṛndāvana. During the ten days at Prayāga, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī was instructed by the Lord, who gave him the basic principles of the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu. The Lord then sent Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī to Vṛndāvana. The Lord Himself returned to Vārāṇasī and stayed at the home of Candraśekhara.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya191_144" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4240" link="CC Madhya 19.1" link_text="CC Madhya 19.1">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.1|CC Madhya 19.1, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Before the creation of this cosmic manifestation, the Lord enlightened the heart of Lord Brahmā with the details of the creation and manifested the Vedic knowledge. In exactly the same way, the Lord, being anxious to revive the Vṛndāvana pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa, impregnated the heart of Rūpa Gosvāmī with spiritual potency. By this potency, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī could revive the activities of Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana, activities almost lost to memory. In this way, He spread Kṛṣṇa consciousness throughout the world.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya193_145" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4242" link="CC Madhya 19.3" link_text="CC Madhya 19.3">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.3|CC Madhya 19.3, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After meeting Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu in the village of Rāmakeli, the brothers Rūpa and Sanātana returned to their homes.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya196_146" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4245" link="CC Madhya 19.6" link_text="CC Madhya 19.6">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.6|CC Madhya 19.6, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">At this time, Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī returned home, taking with him large quantities of riches loaded in boats.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya197_147" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4246" link="CC Madhya 19.7" link_text="CC Madhya 19.7">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.7|CC Madhya 19.7, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī divided the wealth that he brought back home. He gave fifty percent in charity to brāhmaṇas and Vaiṣṇavas and twenty-five percent to his relatives.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This is a practical example of how one should divide his money and retire from household life. Fifty percent of one's money should be distributed to qualified and pure devotees of the Lord. Twenty-five percent may be given to family members, and twenty-five percent may be kept for personal use in case of emergency.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1910_148" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4249" link="CC Madhya 19.10" link_text="CC Madhya 19.10">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.10|CC Madhya 19.10, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī heard that Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu had returned to Jagannātha Purī and was preparing to go to Vṛndāvana through the forest.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1911_149" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4250" link="CC Madhya 19.11" link_text="CC Madhya 19.11">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.11|CC Madhya 19.11, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī sent two people to Jagannātha Purī to find out when Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu would depart for Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1912_150" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4251" link="CC Madhya 19.12" link_text="CC Madhya 19.12">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.12|CC Madhya 19.12, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī told the two men, "You are to return quickly and let me know when He will depart. Then I shall make the proper arrangements."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1931_151" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4270" link="CC Madhya 19.31" link_text="CC Madhya 19.31">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.31|CC Madhya 19.31, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The two persons who went to Jagannātha Purī to inquire about the Lord's departure returned and informed Rūpa Gosvāmī that the Lord had already departed for Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1932_152" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4271" link="CC Madhya 19.32" link_text="CC Madhya 19.32">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.32|CC Madhya 19.32, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Upon receiving this message from his two messengers, Rūpa Gosvāmī immediately wrote a letter to Sanātana Gosvāmī saying that Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu had departed for Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1933_153" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4272" link="CC Madhya 19.33" link_text="CC Madhya 19.33">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.33|CC Madhya 19.33, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In his letter to Sanātana Gosvāmī, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī wrote, "We two brothers are starting out to go see Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. You must also somehow or other get released and come meet us."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>The two brothers herein mentioned are Rūpa Gosvāmī and his younger brother, Anupama Mallika. Rūpa Gosvāmī was informing Sanātana Gosvāmī that he should join him and his younger brother.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1934_154" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4273" link="CC Madhya 19.34" link_text="CC Madhya 19.34">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.34|CC Madhya 19.34, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Rūpa Gosvāmī further informed Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī: “I have left a deposit of ten thousand coins with the grocer. Use that money to get out of prison.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1935_155" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4274" link="CC Madhya 19.35" link_text="CC Madhya 19.35">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.35|CC Madhya 19.35, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">"Somehow or other get yourself released and come to Vṛndāvana." After writing this, the two brothers (Rūpa Gosvāmī and Anupama) went to see Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1936_156" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4275" link="CC Madhya 19.36" link_text="CC Madhya 19.36">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.36|CC Madhya 19.36, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Rūpa Gosvāmī’s younger brother was a great devotee whose actual name was Śrī Vallabha, but he was given the name Anupama Mallika.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1937_157" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4276" link="CC Madhya 19.37" link_text="CC Madhya 19.37">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.37|CC Madhya 19.37, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī and Anupama Mallika went to Prayāga, and they were very pleased to hear the news that Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was there.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1945_158" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4284" link="CC Madhya 19.45" link_text="CC Madhya 19.45">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.45|CC Madhya 19.45, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">While Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was sitting in a solitary place in the home of that Deccan brāhmaṇa, Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrī Vallabha (Anupama Mallika) came to meet Him.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1948_159" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4287" link="CC Madhya 19.48" link_text="CC Madhya 19.48">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.48|CC Madhya 19.48, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was very pleased to see Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, and He told him, "Stand up! Stand up! My dear Rūpa, come here."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1956_160" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4295" link="CC Madhya 19.56" link_text="CC Madhya 19.56">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.56|CC Madhya 19.56, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Rūpa Gosvāmī replied, "Sanātana has now been arrested by the government of Hussain Shah. If You kindly save him, he can be liberated from that entanglement."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1958_161" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4297" link="CC Madhya 19.58" link_text="CC Madhya 19.58">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.58|CC Madhya 19.58, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The brāhmaṇa then requested Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu to accept His lunch. Rūpa Gosvāmī also remained there that day.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1960_162" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4299" link="CC Madhya 19.60" link_text="CC Madhya 19.60">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.60|CC Madhya 19.60, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu selected His residence beside the confluence of the Ganges and the Yamunā, a place called Triveṇī. The two brothers—Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrī Vallabha—selected their residence near the Lord's.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1966_163" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4305" link="CC Madhya 19.66" link_text="CC Madhya 19.66">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.66|CC Madhya 19.66, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">From a distance, the brothers Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrī Vallabha fell on the ground and offered obeisances to Vallabha Bhaṭṭa with great humility.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1967_164" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4306" link="CC Madhya 19.67" link_text="CC Madhya 19.67">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.67|CC Madhya 19.67, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Vallabha Bhaṭṭācārya walked toward them, they ran away to a more distant place. Rūpa Gosvāmī said, "I am untouchable and most sinful. Please do not touch me."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1968_165" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4307" link="CC Madhya 19.68" link_text="CC Madhya 19.68">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.68|CC Madhya 19.68, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Vallabha Bhaṭṭācārya was very much surprised at this. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, however, was very pleased, and He therefore spoke to him this description of Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1969_166" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4308" link="CC Madhya 19.69" link_text="CC Madhya 19.69">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.69|CC Madhya 19.69, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Actually Rūpa Gosvāmī did not belong to a lower caste. He was from a highly aristocratic brāhmaṇa family, but due to his association with the Muslim Nawab, he was considered fallen and was excommunicated from brāhmaṇa society. However, due to his advanced devotional service, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu accepted him as a gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1988_167" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4327" link="CC Madhya 19.88" link_text="CC Madhya 19.88">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.88|CC Madhya 19.88, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Thus Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was offered lunch with great care and affection. The brothers Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrī Vallabha were also offered food.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1989_168" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4328" link="CC Madhya 19.89" link_text="CC Madhya 19.89">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.89|CC Madhya 19.89, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Vallabha Bhaṭṭācārya first offered the remnants of the Lord's food to Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, and then to Kṛṣṇadāsa.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya1996_169" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4335" link="CC Madhya 19.96" link_text="CC Madhya 19.96">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.96|CC Madhya 19.96, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Raghupati Upādhyāya recited, “Those who are afraid of material existence worship the Vedic literature. Some worship smṛti, the corollaries to the Vedic literature, and others worship the Mahābhārata. As far as I am concerned, I worship Kṛṣṇa's father, Mahārāja Nanda, in whose courtyard the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the Absolute Truth, is playing.”</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse recited by Raghupati Upādhyāya was later included in Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Padyāvalī (126).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19102_170" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4341" link="CC Madhya 19.102" link_text="CC Madhya 19.102">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.102|CC Madhya 19.102, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">According to Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (1.3.28), kṛṣṇas tu bhagavān svayam: "Kṛṣṇa is the original Personality of Godhead." Kṛṣṇa means Śyāmasundara, who plays His flute in Vṛndāvana. Of all forms, this form is the best of all. Kṛṣṇa lives sometimes in Mathurā and sometimes in Dvārakā, but Mathurā is considered the better place. This is also confirmed by Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Upadeśāmṛta (9): vaikuṇṭhāj janito varā madhu-purī. "Madhu-purī, or Mathurā, is far superior to the Vaikuṇṭhalokas in the spiritual world."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19114_171" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4353" link="CC Madhya 19.114" link_text="CC Madhya 19.114">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.114|CC Madhya 19.114, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Due to the great crowds in Prayāga, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu went to a place called Daśāśvamedha-ghāṭa. It was there that the Lord instructed Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī and empowered him in the philosophy of devotional service.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19115_172" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4354" link="CC Madhya 19.115" link_text="CC Madhya 19.115">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.115|CC Madhya 19.115, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu taught Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī the ultimate limit of the truth about Lord Kṛṣṇa, the truth about devotional service and the truth about transcendental mellows, culminating in conjugal love between Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa. Finally He told Rūpa Gosvāmī about the ultimate conclusions of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19116_173" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4355" link="CC Madhya 19.116" link_text="CC Madhya 19.116">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.116|CC Madhya 19.116, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu taught Rūpa Gosvāmī all the conclusions He had heard from Rāmānanda Rāya and duly empowered him so that he could understand them.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19117_174" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4356" link="CC Madhya 19.117" link_text="CC Madhya 19.117">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.117|CC Madhya 19.117, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">By entering the heart of Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu empowered him to ascertain properly the conclusions of all truths. He made him an experienced devotee whose decisions correctly agreed with the verdicts of the disciplic succession. Thus Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī was personally empowered by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>The principles of devotional service are only apparently under the jurisdiction of material activity. To be rightly guided, one must be personally guided by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. This was the case with Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Sanātana Gosvāmī and other ācāryas.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19118_175" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4357" link="CC Madhya 19.118" link_text="CC Madhya 19.118">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.118|CC Madhya 19.118, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In his book Caitanya-candrodaya, Kavi-karṇapūra, the son of Śivānanda Sena, has elaborately described the meeting between Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19119_176" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4358" link="CC Madhya 19.119" link_text="CC Madhya 19.119">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.119|CC Madhya 19.119, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“In the course of time, the transcendental news of Kṛṣṇa's pastimes in Vṛndāvana was almost lost. To enunciate explicitly those transcendental pastimes, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu empowered Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī with the nectar of His mercy to carry out this work in Vṛndāvana.”</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19120_177" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4359" link="CC Madhya 19.120" link_text="CC Madhya 19.120">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.120|CC Madhya 19.120, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">"From the very beginning, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī was deeply attracted by the transcendental qualities of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Thus he was permanently relieved from family life. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and his younger brother, Vallabha, were blessed by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Although the Lord was transcendentally situated in His transcendental eternal form, at Prayāga He told Rūpa Gosvāmī about transcendental ecstatic love of Kṛṣṇa. The Lord then embraced him very fondly and bestowed all His mercy upon him."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19122_178" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4361" link="CC Madhya 19.122" link_text="CC Madhya 19.122">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.122|CC Madhya 19.122, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The characteristics of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī have thus been described in various places by the poet Kavi-karṇapūra. An account has also been given of how Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu bestowed His causeless mercy upon Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19123_179" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4362" link="CC Madhya 19.123" link_text="CC Madhya 19.123">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.123|CC Madhya 19.123, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī were the objects of love and honor for all the great stalwart devotees of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19125_180" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4364" link="CC Madhya 19.125" link_text="CC Madhya 19.125">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.125|CC Madhya 19.125, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">They would ask those returning from Vṛndāvana, "How are Rūpa and Sanātana doing in Vṛndāvana? What are their activities in the renounced order? How do they manage to eat?" These were the questions asked.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19126_181" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4365" link="CC Madhya 19.126" link_text="CC Madhya 19.126">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.126|CC Madhya 19.126, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The Lord's associates would also ask, "How is it that Rūpa and Sanātana are engaging in devotional service twenty-four hours daily?" At that time the person who had returned from Vṛndāvana would praise Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmīs.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19128_182" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4367" link="CC Madhya 19.128" link_text="CC Madhya 19.128">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.128|CC Madhya 19.128, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“Śrīla Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmī beg a little food from the houses of brāhmaṇas. Giving up all kinds of material enjoyment, they take only some dry bread and fried chickpeas.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19132_183" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4371" link="CC Madhya 19.132" link_text="CC Madhya 19.132">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.132|CC Madhya 19.132, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When the personal associates of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu would hear of the activities of Rūpa and Sanātana Gosvāmīs, they would say, “What is wonderful for a person who has been granted the Lord's mercy?”</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī had no fixed residence. They stayed beneath a tree for one day only and wrote huge volumes of transcendental literature. They not only wrote books but chanted, danced, discussed Kṛṣṇa and remembered Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's pastimes. Thus they executed devotional service.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19132_184" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4371" link="CC Madhya 19.132" link_text="CC Madhya 19.132">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.132|CC Madhya 19.132, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In Vṛndāvana there are prākṛta-sahajiyās who say that writing books or even touching books is taboo. For them, devotional service means being relieved from these activities. Whenever they are asked to hear a recitation of Vedic literature, they refuse, saying, "What business do we have reading or hearing transcendental literatures? They are meant for neophytes." They pose themselves as too elevated to exert energy for reading, writing and hearing. However, pure devotees under the guidance of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī reject this sahajiyā philosophy. It is certainly not good to write literature for money or reputation, but to write books and publish them for the enlightenment of the general populace is real service to the Lord. That was Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī’s opinion, and he specifically told his disciples to write books. He actually preferred to publish books rather than establish temples. Temple construction is meant for the general populace and neophyte devotees, but the business of advanced and empowered devotees is to write books, publish them and distribute them widely. According to Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura, distributing literature is like playing on a great mṛdaṅga. Consequently we always request members of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness to publish as many books as possible and distribute them widely throughout the world. By thus following in the footsteps of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, one can become a rūpānuga devotee.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19133_185" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4372" link="CC Madhya 19.133" link_text="CC Madhya 19.133">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.133|CC Madhya 19.133, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has personally spoken about the mercy of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu in his auspicious introduction to his book Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.1.2).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19135_186" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4374" link="CC Madhya 19.135" link_text="CC Madhya 19.135">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.135|CC Madhya 19.135, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">For ten days Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu stayed at Prayāga and instructed Rūpa Gosvāmī, empowering him with the necessary potency.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19135_187" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4374" link="CC Madhya 19.135" link_text="CC Madhya 19.135">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.135|CC Madhya 19.135, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">To be empowered by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one has to qualify himself. This means that one must engage twenty-four hours daily in the loving devotional service of the Lord. The material position of a devotee doesn’t matter because devotional service is not dependent on material considerations. In his earlier life, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī was a government officer and a gṛhastha. He was not even a brahmacārī or sannyāsī. He associated with mlecchas and yavanas, but because he was always eager to serve, he was a qualified recipient for the Lord's mercy. A sincere devotee can therefore be empowered by the Lord regardless of his situation. In the preceding verse from the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has described how he was personally empowered by the Lord. He further states in the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.187):</p>
:īhā yasya harer dāsye karmaṇā manasā girā
:nikhilāsv apy avasthāsu jīvan-muktaḥ sa ucyate
<p>"A person acting in the service of Kṛṣṇa with his body, mind and words is a liberated person even in the material world, although he may be engaged in many so-called material activities."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19157_188" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4396" link="CC Madhya 19.157" link_text="CC Madhya 19.157">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.157|CC Madhya 19.157, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">By associating with nondevotees, one breaks the regulative principles and is thereby lost. In the Upadeśāmṛta of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, it is said:</p>
:atyāhāraḥ prayāsaś ca prajalpo niyamāgrahaḥ
:jana-saṅgaś ca laulyaṁ ca ṣaḍbhir bhaktir vinaśyati
:([[Vanisource:NOI 2|NOI 2]])
<p>“One's devotional service is spoiled when he becomes too entangled in the following six activities: (1) eating more than necessary or collecting more funds than required, (2) overendeavoring for mundane things that are very difficult to attain, (3) talking unnecessarily about mundane subject matters, (4) practicing the scriptural rules and regulations only for the sake of following them and not for the sake of spiritual advancement, or rejecting the rules and regulations of the scriptures and working independently or whimsically, (5) associating with worldly-minded persons who are not interested in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, and (6) being greedy for mundane achievements.”</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19164_189" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4403" link="CC Madhya 19.164" link_text="CC Madhya 19.164">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.164|CC Madhya 19.164, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The highest achievements of the yogīs are the eight material perfections, such as aṇimā, laghimā and prāpti. Yet these are nothing compared to the eternal bliss of the devotee who returns back to Godhead and tastes the fruit of devotional service to the lotus feet of the Lord. The material perfections, even up to the point of liberation, are very insignificant in comparison; therefore the pure devotee is never interested in such things. His only interest is in perfecting his devotional service to the Lord. The pleasure of the impersonalist, monist philosophers is condemned in the following verse, which is also found in Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Lalita-mādhava.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19167_190" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4406" link="CC Madhya 19.167" link_text="CC Madhya 19.167">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.167|CC Madhya 19.167, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"When first-class devotional service develops, one must be devoid of all material desires, knowledge obtained by monistic philosophy, and fruitive action. The devotee must constantly serve Kṛṣṇa favorably, as Kṛṣṇa desires."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse is also found in Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī’s Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.1.11). As we can understand from the Bhagavad-gītā (9.34 and 18.65), the Supreme Personality of Godhead wants everyone to think of Him always (man-manā bhava mad-bhaktaḥ). Everyone should become His devotee, not the devotee of a demigod.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19167_191" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4406" link="CC Madhya 19.167" link_text="CC Madhya 19.167">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.167|CC Madhya 19.167, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī advises, ādau gurv-āśrayam. One who is serious in wanting to render pure devotional service to the Lord must take shelter of a spiritual master who comes in the disciplic succession from Kṛṣṇa. Evaṁ paramparā-prāptam imaṁ rājarṣayo viduḥ ([[Vanisource:BG 4.2 (1972)|BG 4.2]]). Without accepting a bona fide spiritual master coming in the disciplic succession, one cannot find out the real purpose of devotional service. Therefore one has to accept the shelter of a bona fide spiritual master and agree to be directed by him. The first business of a pure devotee is to satisfy his spiritual master, whose only business is to spread Kṛṣṇa consciousness. And if one can satisfy the spiritual master, Kṛṣṇa is automatically satisfied—yasya prasādād bhagavat-prasādaḥ **. This is the success of devotional service.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19180_192" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4419" link="CC Madhya 19.180" link_text="CC Madhya 19.180">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.180|CC Madhya 19.180, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In his Amṛta-pravāha-bhāṣya, Śrīla Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura states that anubhāva can be divided into thirteen categories: (1) dancing, (2) rolling on the ground, (3) singing, (4) yelling, (5) jumping, (6) making loud noises, (7) yawning, (8) heavy breathing, (9) not caring for public opinion, (10) discharging saliva, (11) roaring laughter, (12) unsteadiness and (13) hiccuping. These are the symptoms of anubhāva. Thus the transcendental mellows are experienced in different stages. Similarly, there are many other forms of expression that have been analytically studied by the Gosvāmīs. In the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, Rūpa Gosvāmī gives each and every symptom a particular name.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19237_193" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4472" link="CC Madhya 19.237" link_text="CC Madhya 19.237">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.237|CC Madhya 19.237, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After saying this, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu embraced Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. The Lord then decided to go to the city of Benares.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19238_194" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4473" link="CC Madhya 19.238" link_text="CC Madhya 19.238">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.238|CC Madhya 19.238, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The next morning, when Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu arose and prepared to leave for Vārāṇasī (Benares), Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī submitted the following statement at the Lord's lotus feet.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19242_195" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4477" link="CC Madhya 19.242" link_text="CC Madhya 19.242">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.242|CC Madhya 19.242, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After embracing Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu got into a boat. Rūpa Gosvāmī fainted and fell down on the spot.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19243_196" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4478" link="CC Madhya 19.243" link_text="CC Madhya 19.243">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.243|CC Madhya 19.243, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">The brāhmaṇa from Deccan took Rūpa Gosvāmī to his home, and thereafter the two brothers departed for Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19255_197" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4490" link="CC Madhya 19.255" link_text="CC Madhya 19.255">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.255|CC Madhya 19.255, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Much mercy was thus bestowed upon Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī, and I have briefly described all those topics.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya19257_198" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4492" link="CC Madhya 19.257" link_text="CC Madhya 19.257">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.257|CC Madhya 19.257, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya20Summary_199" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4493" link="CC Madhya 20 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 20 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20 Summary|CC Madhya 20 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">The following summary of this chapter is given by Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura in his Amṛta-pravāha-bhāṣya. When Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī was imprisoned by Nawab Hussain Shah, he received news from Rūpa Gosvāmī that Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu had gone to Mathurā. Sanātana Gosvāmī thereafter satisfied the superintendent of the jail by sweet solicitations and bribery. After giving the jailer seven thousand gold coins, Sanātana Gosvāmī was released. He then crossed the Ganges and fled.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya203_200" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4496" link="CC Madhya 20.3" link_text="CC Madhya 20.3">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.3|CC Madhya 20.3, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">While Sanātana Gosvāmī was imprisoned in Bengal, a letter arrived from Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Śrīla Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura informs us that this letter from Rūpa Gosvāmī to Sanātana Gosvāmī is mentioned by the annotator of the Udbhaṭa-candrikā. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī wrote a note to Sanātana Gosvāmī from Bāklā.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya204_201" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4497" link="CC Madhya 20.4" link_text="CC Madhya 20.4">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.4|CC Madhya 20.4, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Sanātana Gosvāmī received this note from Rūpa Gosvāmī, he became very pleased. He immediately went to the jail superintendent, who was a meat-eater, and spoke as follows.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya2066_202" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4558" link="CC Madhya 20.66" link_text="CC Madhya 20.66">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.66|CC Madhya 20.66, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu said, "I met your two brothers, Rūpa and Anupama, at Prayāga. They have now gone to Vṛndāvana."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya2081_203" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4573" link="CC Madhya 20.81" link_text="CC Madhya 20.81">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.81|CC Madhya 20.81, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">A person in the renounced order may beg but not cook. His begging should not be a burden for the householders. The mādhukarī process is strictly to be followed by a bābājī, that is, one who has attained the paramahaṁsa stage. This practice is still current in Vṛndāvana, and there are many places where alms are offered. Unfortunately, there are many beggars who have come to Vṛndāvana to accept alms but not follow the principles of Sanātana Gosvāmī. People try to imitate him and lead an idle life by practicing mādhukarī. It is almost impossible to strictly follow Sanātana Gosvāmī or Rūpa Gosvāmī. It is better to accept food offered to Kṛṣṇa in the temple than to try to imitate Sanātana Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya20165_204" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4653" link="CC Madhya 20.165" link_text="CC Madhya 20.165">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.165|CC Madhya 20.165, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“The Supreme Personality of Godhead exists in three principal forms—svayaṁ-rūpa, tad-ekātma-rūpa and āveśa-rūpa.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has described the svayaṁ-rūpa in his Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta, Pūrva-khaṇḍa, verse 12: ananyāpekṣi yad rūpaṁ svayaṁ-rūpaḥ sa ucyate. "The form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead that does not depend on other forms is called the svayaṁ-rūpa, the original form."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya20182_205" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4670" link="CC Madhya 20.182" link_text="CC Madhya 20.182">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.182|CC Madhya 20.182, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"Who manifests an abundance of sweetness greater than Mine, which has never been experienced before and which causes wonder to all? Alas, I Myself, My mind bewildered upon seeing this beauty, impetuously desire to enjoy it like Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse spoken by Vāsudeva in Dvārakā is also recorded by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī in his Lalita-mādhava (8.34).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya20353_206" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4840" link="CC Madhya 20.353" link_text="CC Madhya 20.353">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.353|CC Madhya 20.353, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The Bhagavad-gītā is contained within the Mahābhārata. Therefore the Bhagavad-gītā is also Vedic literature (smṛti). Some of the Vedic literatures are called śrutis, and some are called smṛtis. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī recommends in the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.101):</p>
:śruti-smṛti-purāṇādi-pañcarātra-vidhiṁ vinā
:aikāntikī harer bhaktir utpātāyaiva kalpate
:(Brs. 1.2.101)
<p>Unless one refers to śāstra (śruti, smṛti and purāṇādi), one's spiritual activity simply disturbs society.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya20406_207" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="4893" link="CC Madhya 20.406" link_text="CC Madhya 20.406">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 20.406|CC Madhya 20.406, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya21149_208" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5042" link="CC Madhya 21.149" link_text="CC Madhya 21.149">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 21.149|CC Madhya 21.149, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya2266_209" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5107" link="CC Madhya 22.66" link_text="CC Madhya 22.66">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 22.66|CC Madhya 22.66, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“"One who is expert in logic and in understanding the revealed scriptures, and who always has firm conviction and deep faith that is not blind, is to be considered a topmost devotee in devotional service."</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>This verse appears in the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.17), by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya22129_210" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5166" link="CC Madhya 22.129" link_text="CC Madhya 22.129">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 22.129|CC Madhya 22.129, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">In the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī states:</p>
:aṅgānāṁ pañcakasyāsya pūrva-vilikhitasya ca
:nikhila-śraiṣṭhya-bodhāya punar apy atra śaṁsanam
<p>"The glorification of these five items (association with devotees, chanting the holy name and so on) is to make known the complete superiority of these five practices of devotional service."</p>
<p>The sixty-four items of devotional service include all the activities of the body, mind and senses. Thus the sixty-four items engage one in devotional service in all respects.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya22153_211" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5188" link="CC Madhya 22.153" link_text="CC Madhya 22.153">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 22.153|CC Madhya 22.153, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Unless one follows the six Gosvāmīs—Śrī Rūpa, Sanātana, Raghunātha Bhaṭṭa, Śrī Jīva, Gopāla Bhaṭṭa and Raghunātha dāsa-one cannot be a bona fide spontaneous lover of Kṛṣṇa. In this connection, Śrīla Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura says, rūpa-raghunātha-pade haibe ākuti kabe hāma bujhaba se yugala pirīti. The sahajiyās' understanding of the love affairs between Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa is not bona fide because they do not follow the principles laid down by the six Gosvāmīs. Their illicit connection and their imitation of the dress of Rūpa Gosvāmī, as well as their avoidance of the prescribed methods of revealed scriptures, will lead them to the lowest regions of hell. These imitative sahajiyās are cheated and unfortunate. They are not equal to advanced devotees (paramahaṁsas). Debauchees and paramahaṁsas are not on the same level.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya22169_212" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5203" link="CC Madhya 22.169" link_text="CC Madhya 22.169">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 22.169|CC Madhya 22.169, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya23102_213" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5293" link="CC Madhya 23.102" link_text="CC Madhya 23.102">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 23.102|CC Madhya 23.102, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“Previously I empowered your brother Rūpa Gosvāmī to understand these mellows. I did this while instructing him at the Daśāśvamedha-ghāṭa in Prayāga.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya23104_214" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5295" link="CC Madhya 23.104" link_text="CC Madhya 23.104">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 23.104|CC Madhya 23.104, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Sanātana Gosvāmī was enjoined (1) to broadcast the revealed scriptures on devotional service and establish the conclusions of devotional service, (2) to reestablish lost places of pilgrimage like Vṛndāvana and Rādhā-kuṇḍa, (3) to establish the Vṛndāvana method of temple worship and install Deities in temples (Śrī Sanātana Gosvāmī established the Madana-mohana temple, and Rūpa Gosvāmī established the Govindajī temple), and (4) to enunciate the behavior of a Vaiṣṇava (as Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī did in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa). In this way Sanātana Gosvāmī was empowered to establish the cult of Vaiṣṇavism. As stated by Śrīnivāsa Ācārya in his Ṣaḍ-gosvāmy-aṣṭaka (2):</p>
:nānā-śāstra-vicāraṇaika-nipuṇau sad-dharma-saṁsthāpakau
:lokānāṁ hita-kāriṇau tri-bhuvane mānyau śaraṇyākarau
:rādhā-kṛṣṇa-padāravinda-bhajanānandena mattālikau
:vande rūpa-sanātanau raghu-yugau śrī-jīva-gopālakau
<p>"I offer my respectful obeisances unto the six Gosvāmīs, namely Śrī Sanātana Gosvāmī, Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrī Raghunātha Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī, Śrī Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī, Śrī Jīva Gosvāmī and Śrī Gopāla Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī, who are very expert in scrutinizingly studying all the revealed scriptures with the aim of establishing eternal religious principles for the benefit of all human beings. Thus they are honored all over the three worlds, and they are worth taking shelter of because they are absorbed in the mood of the gopīs and are engaged in the transcendental loving service of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa."</p>
<p>This Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement continues the tradition of the six Gosvāmīs, especially Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī and Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī. Serious students of this Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement must understand their great responsibility to preach the cult of Vṛndāvana (devotional service to the Lord) all over the world. We now have a nice temple in Vṛndāvana, and serious students should take advantage of it. I am very hopeful that some of our students can take up this responsibility and render the best service to humanity by educating people in Kṛṣṇa consciousness.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya23105_215" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5296" link="CC Madhya 23.105" link_text="CC Madhya 23.105">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 23.105|CC Madhya 23.105, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">We should not introduce anything whimsically, without the sanction of the bona fide spiritual master. In this connection, Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura comments on these points by quoting two verses by Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 1.2.255–256).</p>
:anāsaktasya viṣayān yathārham upayuñjataḥ
:nirbandhaḥ kṛṣṇa-sambandhe yuktaṁ vairāgyam ucyate
:prāpañcikatayā buddhyā hari-sambandhi-vastunaḥ
:mumukṣubhiḥ parityāgo vairāgyaṁ phalgu kathyate
<p>"When one is not attached to anything but at the same time accepts everything in relation to Kṛṣṇa, one is rightly situated above possessiveness. On the other hand, one who rejects everything without knowledge of its relationship to Kṛṣṇa is not as complete in his renunciation." To preach the bhakti cult, one should seriously consider these verses.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya23117118_216" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5306" link="CC Madhya 23.117-118" link_text="CC Madhya 23.117-118">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 23.117-118|CC Madhya 23.117-118, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Thus in Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, the Viṣṇu Purāṇa and the Mahābhārata there are references to Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma being incarnations of a black hair and a white hair respectively. It is stated that Lord Viṣṇu snatched two hairs—one white and one black—from His head. These two hairs entered the wombs of Rohiṇī and Devakī, members of the Yadu dynasty. Balarāma was born from Rohiṇī, and Kṛṣṇa was born of Devakī. Thus Balarāma appeared from the first hair, and Kṛṣṇa appeared from the second hair. It was also foretold that all the asuras, who are enemies of the demigods, would be cut down by Lord Viṣṇu by His white and black plenary expansions and that the Supreme Personality of Godhead would appear and perform wonderful activities. In this connection, one should see the Laghu-bhāgavatāmṛta, the chapter called Kṛṣṇāmṛta, verses 156–164. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has refuted this argument about the hair incarnation, and his refutation is supported by Śrī Baladeva Vidyābhūṣaṇa's commentaries. This matter is further discussed in the Kṛṣṇa-sandarbha (29) and in the commentary known as Sarva-saṁvādinī, by Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya23127_217" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5315" link="CC Madhya 23.127" link_text="CC Madhya 23.127">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 23.127|CC Madhya 23.127, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya24280_218" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5596" link="CC Madhya 24.280" link_text="CC Madhya 24.280">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 24.280|CC Madhya 24.280, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">It is not necessary for a Vaiṣṇava to keep a stock of food for the next day. He should receive only sufficient grain to last one day. The next day, he must again depend on the Lord's mercy. This is the instruction of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. When His personal servant Govinda sometimes kept a stock of harītakī (myrobalan), Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu chastised him, saying, "Why did you keep a stock for the next day?" Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and others were begging daily from door to door for their sustenance, and they never attempted to stock their āśrama with food for the next day. We should not materially calculate, thinking, "It is better to stock food for a week. Why give the Lord trouble by having Him bring food daily?" One should be convinced that the Lord will provide daily. There is no need to stock food for the next day.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya24330_219" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5646" link="CC Madhya 24.330" link_text="CC Madhya 24.330">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 24.330|CC Madhya 24.330, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">The guru must be situated on the topmost platform of devotional service. There are three classes of devotees, and the guru must be accepted from the topmost class. The first-class devotee is the spiritual master for all kinds of people. It is said, gurur nṛṇām. The word nṛṇām means "of all human beings." The guru is not limited to a particular group. It is stated in the Upadeśāmṛta of Rūpa Gosvāmī that a guru is a gosvāmī, a controller of the senses and the mind. Such a guru can accept disciples from all over the world. Pṛthivīṁ sa śiṣyāt. This is the test of the guru.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya24330_220" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5646" link="CC Madhya 24.330" link_text="CC Madhya 24.330">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 24.330|CC Madhya 24.330, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">When one is simply in the mode of ignorance, one becomes a devotee of Lord Śiva because Lord Śiva is the predominating deity of the mode of ignorance within this material world. However, when one is completely free from the influence of all the modes of material nature, one becomes a pure Vaiṣṇava on the devotional platform. As Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī states in the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu:</p>
:anyābhilāṣitā-śūnyaṁ jñāna-karmādy-anāvṛtam
:ānukūlyena kṛṣṇānuśīlanaṁ bhaktir uttamā
:([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 19.167|CC Madhya 19.167]])
<p>"One should render transcendental loving service to the Supreme Lord Kṛṣṇa favorably and without desire for material profit or gain through fruitive activities or philosophical speculation. That is called pure devotional service."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya24348_221" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5664" link="CC Madhya 24.348" link_text="CC Madhya 24.348">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 24.348|CC Madhya 24.348, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī, the elder brother of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, was a most important minister in the government of Hussain Shah, the ruler of Bengal, and he was considered a most brilliant gem in that assembly. He possessed all the opulences of a royal position, but he gave up everything just to accept the youthful goddess of renunciation. Although he externally appeared to be a mendicant who had renounced everything, he was filled with the pleasure of devotional service within his heart. Thus he can be compared to a deep lake covered with moss. He was the object of pleasure for all the devotees who knew the science of devotional service.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya24350_222" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5666" link="CC Madhya 24.350" link_text="CC Madhya 24.350">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 24.350|CC Madhya 24.350, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">“In the course of time, the transcendental news of Kṛṣṇa's pastimes in Vṛndāvana was almost lost. To enunciate explicitly those transcendental pastimes, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu empowered Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Sanātana Gosvāmī with the nectar of His mercy to carry out this work in Vṛndāvana.”</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya24355_223" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5671" link="CC Madhya 24.355" link_text="CC Madhya 24.355">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 24.355|CC Madhya 24.355, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25Summary_224" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5672" link="CC Madhya 25 Summary" link_text="CC Madhya 25 Summary">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25 Summary|CC Madhya 25 Summary]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="text"><p style="display: inline;">From that day on, all the sannyāsīs of Vārāṇasī became devotees of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Before returning to His headquarters at Jagannātha Purī, the Lord advised Sanātana Gosvāmī to go to Vṛndāvana. The Lord then departed for Jagannātha Purī. Kavirāja Gosvāmī then describes something about Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Sanātana Gosvāmī and Subuddhi Rāya.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25186_225" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5857" link="CC Madhya 25.186" link_text="CC Madhya 25.186">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.186|CC Madhya 25.186, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī reached Mathurā, he met Subuddhi Rāya on the banks of the Yamunā, at a place called Dhruva-ghāṭa.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25205_226" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5876" link="CC Madhya 25.205" link_text="CC Madhya 25.205">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.205|CC Madhya 25.205, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">When one is in the renounced order, saving money is not recommended. However, if one saves money for the service of the Lord or a Vaiṣṇava, that is accepted. These are the dealings of Subuddhi Rāya, who is one of the confidential devotees of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī also followed this principle by spending fifty percent of his money in order to serve Kṛṣṇa through brāhmaṇas and Vaiṣṇavas. He gave twenty-five percent of his money to relatives, and twenty-five percent he deposited in the custody of a merchant. These are the approved methods recommended in the Caitanya-caritāmṛta. Whether in the renounced order or in the gṛhastha order, a Vaiṣṇava should follow these principles set forth by the previous ācāryas.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25207_227" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5878" link="CC Madhya 25.207" link_text="CC Madhya 25.207">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.207|CC Madhya 25.207, Translation and Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī arrived at Mathurā, Subuddhi Rāya, out of love and affection for him, wanted to serve him in so many ways. He personally took Rūpa Gosvāmī to see all the twelve forests of Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
<div class="purport text"><p>Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī had been a minister in the government of Hussain Shah, and Subuddhi Rāya was also known to Hussain Shah because, as a boy, the Shah had been Subuddhi Rāya's servant. It appears that Subuddhi Rāya was elderly, yet while he was living in Mathurā he showed Rūpa Gosvāmī the twelve forests of Vṛndāvana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25208_228" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5879" link="CC Madhya 25.208" link_text="CC Madhya 25.208">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.208|CC Madhya 25.208, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Rūpa Gosvāmī remained in Mathurā and Vṛndāvana for one month in the association of Subuddhi Rāya. After that, he left Vṛndāvana to search for his elder brother, Sanātana Gosvāmī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25209_229" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5880" link="CC Madhya 25.209" link_text="CC Madhya 25.209">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.209|CC Madhya 25.209, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī heard that Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu had gone to Prayāga on the road along the banks of the Ganges, Rūpa and his brother Anupama went that way to meet the Lord.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25211_230" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5882" link="CC Madhya 25.211" link_text="CC Madhya 25.211">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.211|CC Madhya 25.211, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Sanātana Gosvāmī met Subuddhi Rāya at Mathurā, Subuddhi Rāya explained everything about his younger brothers Rūpa Gosvāmī and Anupama.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25212_231" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5883" link="CC Madhya 25.212" link_text="CC Madhya 25.212">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.212|CC Madhya 25.212, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Since Sanātana Gosvāmī went along the public road to Vṛndāvana and Rūpa Gosvāmī and Anupama went on the road along the Ganges' banks, it was not possible for them to meet.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25216_232" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5887" link="CC Madhya 25.216" link_text="CC Madhya 25.216">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.216|CC Madhya 25.216, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Sanātana Gosvāmī remained in Vṛndāvana, and Rūpa Gosvāmī and Anupama returned to Vārāṇasī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25217_233" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5888" link="CC Madhya 25.217" link_text="CC Madhya 25.217">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.217|CC Madhya 25.217, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī arrived at Vārāṇasī, he met the Maharashtriyan brāhmaṇa, Candraśekhara and Tapana Miśra.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25218_234" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5889" link="CC Madhya 25.218" link_text="CC Madhya 25.218">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.218|CC Madhya 25.218, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">While Rūpa Gosvāmī was staying at Vārāṇasī, he resided at the house of Candraśekhara and took prasādam at the house of Tapana Miśra. In this way he heard of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's instructions to Sanātana Gosvāmī in Vārāṇasī.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25219_235" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5890" link="CC Madhya 25.219" link_text="CC Madhya 25.219">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.219|CC Madhya 25.219, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">While staying at Vārāṇasī, Rūpa Gosvāmī heard of all Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's activities. When he heard of His deliverance of the Māyāvādī sannyāsīs, he became very happy.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25220_236" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5891" link="CC Madhya 25.220" link_text="CC Madhya 25.220">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.220|CC Madhya 25.220, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">When Rūpa Gosvāmī saw that all the people of Vārāṇasī respected Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, he became very happy. He even heard stories from the general populace.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25221_237" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5892" link="CC Madhya 25.221" link_text="CC Madhya 25.221">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.221|CC Madhya 25.221, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">After staying in Vārāṇasī for about ten days, Rūpa Gosvāmī returned to Bengal. In this way I have described the activities of Rūpa and Sanātana.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="CCMadhya25257_238" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5928" link="CC Madhya 25.257" link_text="CC Madhya 25.257">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.257|CC Madhya 25.257, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">In the Nineteenth Chapter I have described how the Lord returned to Prayāga from Mathurā and empowered Śrī Rūpa Gosvāmī to spread devotional service.</p>
</div>
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<div id="CCMadhya25271_239" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5942" link="CC Madhya 25.271" link_text="CC Madhya 25.271">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.271|CC Madhya 25.271, Purport]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="purport text"><p style="display: inline;">Caitanya Mahāprabhu directly empowered Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī and Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī. Following in their footsteps, the other Gosvāmīs understood Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and His mission. One should understand Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya and Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa from the six Gosvāmīs in the paramparā system. The Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is following as strictly as possible in the footsteps of the Gosvāmīs. Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura says, ei chaya gosāñi yāṅra, mui tāṅra dāsa: "I am the servant of the six Gosvāmīs." The philosophy of Kṛṣṇa consciousness is to become the servant of the servant of the servant of the Lord ([[Vanisource:CC Madhya 13.80|CC Madhya 13.80]]). Whoever wants to understand the difficult subject matter of kṛṣṇa-kathā should accept the disciplic succession.</p>
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<div id="CCMadhya25281_240" class="quote" parent="CC_Madhya-lila" book="CC" index="5952" link="CC Madhya 25.281" link_text="CC Madhya 25.281">
<span class="link">[[Vanisource:CC Madhya 25.281|CC Madhya 25.281, Translation]]: </span><div style="display: inline;" class="trans text"><p style="display: inline;">Taking the feet of Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, Śrī Sanātana Gosvāmī, Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī, Raghunātha Bhaṭṭa Gosvāmī and Jīva Gosvāmī on my head, I always desire their mercy. Thus I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, humbly try to describe the nectar of the pastimes of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, which are mixed with the pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa.</p>
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